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Solving numerically the time-dependent Schrödinger equation in three-dimensional momentum space, we have investigated the energy spectroscopy and two-dimensional momentum angular distribution near the ionization threshold of the photoelectron generated from excited atom under the action of high-frequency laser pulse. The results show that the ionized process is mainly the single-photon ionization in this energy range. The principal quantum number of the initial state can be determined by the position of the first peak in photoelectron spectrum; its angular quantum number of the initial state can be determined by the angular distribution of the two-dimensional momentum of the photoelectron. This law does not change with the variation of the intensity and pulse duration of the incident laser pulse within a relatively broad range of these parameters. In principle, we can utilize these spectra to identify the initial state of the atoms. In addition, the photoelectron momentum spectrum of superposition state is investigated for different relative phase of the state.
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Keywords:
- above threshold ionization /
- excited state /
- high-frequency laser pulse /
- two-dimensional momentum angular distribution
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[2] Walker B, Sheehy B, DiMauro L F, Agostini P, Schafer K J, Kulander K C 1994 Phys. Rev. Lett. 73 1227
[3] Wang B B, Li X F, Gao L H, Fu P M, Guo D S, Freeman R R 2001 Chin. Phys. Lett. 18 1199
[4] Cormier E, Garzella D, Breger P, Agostini P, Cheriaux G, Leblanc C 2001 J. Phys. B 34 L9
[5] Becker W, Grasbon F, Kopold R, Milosevic D B, Paulus G G, Walther H 2002 Advances in Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics 48 35
[6] Grasbon F, Paulus G G, Walther H, Villoresi P, Sansone G, Stagira S, Nisoli M, Silverstri S 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 173003
[7] Armstrong G S J, Parker J S, Taylor K T 2011 New. J. Phys. 13 013024
[8] Paulus G G, Nicklich W, Xu H, Lambropoulos P, Walther H 1994 Phys. Rev. Lett. 72 2851
[9] Toyota K, Tolstikhin O I, Morishita T, Watanabe S 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 153003
[10] Telnov D A, Chu S I 2009 Phys. Rev. A 79 043421
[11] Tian Y Y, Guo F M, Yang Y J, The effect of atomic potential on above threshold ionization (to be published)
[12] Tong X M, Hino K, Toshima N 2008 Phys. Rev. A 74 031405(R)
[13] Kling M F, Rauschenberger J, Verhoef A J, Hasovic E, Uphues T, Milosevic D B, Muller H G, Vrakking M J J 2008 New. Journal. Phys. 10 025024
[14] Meckel M, Comtois D, Zeidler D, Staudte A, Pavicic D, Bandulet H C, Pepin H, Kieffer J C, Dorner R, Villeneuve D M, Corkum P B 2008 Science 320 1478
[15] van der Zwan E V, Lein M 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 043004
[16] Ebadi H, Keitel C H, Hatsagortsyan 2011 Phys. Rev. A 83 063418
[17] Ebadi H 2012 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 29 2503
[18] Song Y, Guo F M, Li S Y, Chen J G, Zeng S L, Yang Y J 2012 Phys. Rev. A 86 033424
[19] Yang Y J, Chen J G, Chi F P, Zhu Q R, Zhang H X, Sun J Z 2007 Chin. Phys. Lett. 24 1537
[20] Chen J G, Wang R Q, Zhai Z, Chen J, Fu P M, Wang B B, Liu W M 2012 Phys. Rev. A 86 033417
[21] Goulielmakis E, Schultze M, Hofstetter M, Yakovlev V S, Gagnon J, Uiberacker M, Aquila A L, Gullikson E M, Attwood D T, Kienberger R, Krausz F, Kleineberg U 2008 Science 320 1614
[22] Chen J G, Yang Y J, Zeng S L, Liang H Q 2011 Phys. Rev. A 83 023401
[23] Zhou Z Y, Chu S I 2011 Phys. Rev. A 83 013405
[24] Landau R H 1983 Phys. Rev. C 27 2191
[25] Maung K M, Kahana D E, Norbury J W 1993 Phys. Rev. D 47 1182
[26] Norbury J W, Maung K M, Kahana D E 1994 Phys. Rev. A 50 2075
[27] Dionissopoulou S, Mercouris T, Lyras A, Nicolaides C A 1997 Phys. Rev. A 55 4397
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[1] Macklin J J, Kmetec J D, Gordon C L 1993 Phys. Rev. Lett. 70 766
[2] Walker B, Sheehy B, DiMauro L F, Agostini P, Schafer K J, Kulander K C 1994 Phys. Rev. Lett. 73 1227
[3] Wang B B, Li X F, Gao L H, Fu P M, Guo D S, Freeman R R 2001 Chin. Phys. Lett. 18 1199
[4] Cormier E, Garzella D, Breger P, Agostini P, Cheriaux G, Leblanc C 2001 J. Phys. B 34 L9
[5] Becker W, Grasbon F, Kopold R, Milosevic D B, Paulus G G, Walther H 2002 Advances in Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics 48 35
[6] Grasbon F, Paulus G G, Walther H, Villoresi P, Sansone G, Stagira S, Nisoli M, Silverstri S 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 173003
[7] Armstrong G S J, Parker J S, Taylor K T 2011 New. J. Phys. 13 013024
[8] Paulus G G, Nicklich W, Xu H, Lambropoulos P, Walther H 1994 Phys. Rev. Lett. 72 2851
[9] Toyota K, Tolstikhin O I, Morishita T, Watanabe S 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 153003
[10] Telnov D A, Chu S I 2009 Phys. Rev. A 79 043421
[11] Tian Y Y, Guo F M, Yang Y J, The effect of atomic potential on above threshold ionization (to be published)
[12] Tong X M, Hino K, Toshima N 2008 Phys. Rev. A 74 031405(R)
[13] Kling M F, Rauschenberger J, Verhoef A J, Hasovic E, Uphues T, Milosevic D B, Muller H G, Vrakking M J J 2008 New. Journal. Phys. 10 025024
[14] Meckel M, Comtois D, Zeidler D, Staudte A, Pavicic D, Bandulet H C, Pepin H, Kieffer J C, Dorner R, Villeneuve D M, Corkum P B 2008 Science 320 1478
[15] van der Zwan E V, Lein M 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 043004
[16] Ebadi H, Keitel C H, Hatsagortsyan 2011 Phys. Rev. A 83 063418
[17] Ebadi H 2012 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 29 2503
[18] Song Y, Guo F M, Li S Y, Chen J G, Zeng S L, Yang Y J 2012 Phys. Rev. A 86 033424
[19] Yang Y J, Chen J G, Chi F P, Zhu Q R, Zhang H X, Sun J Z 2007 Chin. Phys. Lett. 24 1537
[20] Chen J G, Wang R Q, Zhai Z, Chen J, Fu P M, Wang B B, Liu W M 2012 Phys. Rev. A 86 033417
[21] Goulielmakis E, Schultze M, Hofstetter M, Yakovlev V S, Gagnon J, Uiberacker M, Aquila A L, Gullikson E M, Attwood D T, Kienberger R, Krausz F, Kleineberg U 2008 Science 320 1614
[22] Chen J G, Yang Y J, Zeng S L, Liang H Q 2011 Phys. Rev. A 83 023401
[23] Zhou Z Y, Chu S I 2011 Phys. Rev. A 83 013405
[24] Landau R H 1983 Phys. Rev. C 27 2191
[25] Maung K M, Kahana D E, Norbury J W 1993 Phys. Rev. D 47 1182
[26] Norbury J W, Maung K M, Kahana D E 1994 Phys. Rev. A 50 2075
[27] Dionissopoulou S, Mercouris T, Lyras A, Nicolaides C A 1997 Phys. Rev. A 55 4397
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