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Using the first-principles calculations within the density functional theory, we study the nanofriction between two graphene layers. The result shows that the friction of the graphene is isotropic, and the relationship between the load and the friction factor can be divided into three phases. For the smaller and larger loads, the friction factor does not increase as the load increases, which follows the Amonton's law; for the middle phase, with the increase of the load, the friction factor increases linearly. However, the nanofriction characteristics between the two incommensurate graphenes show that the incommensurate structure can reduce the friction factor between graphenes greatly, which is in agreement with experimental result. These studies provide a fundamental understanding about the nanofriction phenomenon between the graphene layers.
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Keywords:
- density functional theory /
- graphene /
- nanofriction
[1] Binnig G, Rohrer H, Gerber C, Weibel E 1982 Phys. Rev. Lett. 49 57
[2] Binnig G, Quate C F, Gerber C 1986 Phys. Rev. Lett. 56 930
[3] Mate C M, McClelland G M, Erlandsson R, Chiang S 1987 Phys. Rev. Lett. 59 1942
[4] Tomlinson G A 1929 Philos. Mag. 7 905
[5] Weiss M, Elmer F 1996 Phys. Rev. B 53 7539
[6] Zhong W, Tom醤ek D 1990 Phys. Rev. Lett. 64 3054
[7] Overney G, Zhong W, Tom醤ek D 1991 J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 9 479
[8] Tom醤ek D, Zhong W, Thomas H 1991 Europhys. Lett. 15 887
[9] Ni B, Sinnott S B 2001 Surf. Sci. 487 87
[10] Ni B, Sinnott S B, Mikulski P T, Harrison J A 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 205505
[11] Servantie J, Gaspard P 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 185503
[12] Bonelli F, Manini N, Cadelano E, Colombo L 2009 Eur. Phys. J. B 70 449
[13] Guo Y, Guo W, Chen C 2007 Phys. Rev. B 76 155429
[14] Verhoeven G S, Dienwiebel M, Frenken J W M 2004 Phys. Rev. B 70 165418
[15] Neitola R, Ruuska H, Pakkanen T A 2005 J. Phys. Chem. B 109 10348
[16] Matsuzawa N N, Kishii N 1997 J. Phys. Chem. A 101 10045
[17] Kohn W, Sham L J 1965 Phys. Rev. 137 A1697
[18] Kohn W, Sham L J 1965 Phys. Rev. 140 A1133
[19] Kresse G, Furthm黮er J 1996 Phys. Rev. B 54 11169
[20] Ceperley D M, Alder B J 1980 Phys. Rev. Lett. 45 566
[21] Trickey S B, M黮ler-Plathe F, Diercksen G H F, Boettger J C 1992 Phys. Rev. B 45 4460
[22] Ooi N, Rairkar A, Adams J B 2006 Carbon 44 231
[23] Girifalco L A, Hodak M 2002 Phys. Rev. B 65 125404
[24] Vanderbilt D 1990 Phys. Rev. B 41 7892
[25] Monkhorst H J, Pack J D 1976 Phys. Rev. B 13 5188
[26] McKie D, McKie C 1986 Essentials of Crystallography (Oxford: Oxford Press) pp6-8
[27] Ruan J, Bhushan B 1994 J. Appl. Phys. 76 8117
[28] Sugishita J, Fujiyoshi S 1981 Wear 68 7
[29] Zaidi H, Csapo E, Nery H, Paulmier D, Mathia T 1993 Surf. Coat. Technol. 62 388
[30] Matsushita K, Matsukawa H, Sasaki N 2005 Solid State Commun. 136 51
[31] Zaidi H, Paulmier D, Jeanmaire A, Nery H 1991 Surf. Sci. 251 778
[32] M黶er M H, Wenning L, Robbins M O 2001 Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 1295
[33] Maier S, Pfeiffer O, Glatzel T, Meyer E, Filleter T, Bennewitz R 2007 Phys. Rev. B 75 195408
[34] Maier S, Gnecco E, Baratoff A, Bennewitz R, Meyer E 2008 Phys. Rev. B 78 045432
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[1] Binnig G, Rohrer H, Gerber C, Weibel E 1982 Phys. Rev. Lett. 49 57
[2] Binnig G, Quate C F, Gerber C 1986 Phys. Rev. Lett. 56 930
[3] Mate C M, McClelland G M, Erlandsson R, Chiang S 1987 Phys. Rev. Lett. 59 1942
[4] Tomlinson G A 1929 Philos. Mag. 7 905
[5] Weiss M, Elmer F 1996 Phys. Rev. B 53 7539
[6] Zhong W, Tom醤ek D 1990 Phys. Rev. Lett. 64 3054
[7] Overney G, Zhong W, Tom醤ek D 1991 J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 9 479
[8] Tom醤ek D, Zhong W, Thomas H 1991 Europhys. Lett. 15 887
[9] Ni B, Sinnott S B 2001 Surf. Sci. 487 87
[10] Ni B, Sinnott S B, Mikulski P T, Harrison J A 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 205505
[11] Servantie J, Gaspard P 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 185503
[12] Bonelli F, Manini N, Cadelano E, Colombo L 2009 Eur. Phys. J. B 70 449
[13] Guo Y, Guo W, Chen C 2007 Phys. Rev. B 76 155429
[14] Verhoeven G S, Dienwiebel M, Frenken J W M 2004 Phys. Rev. B 70 165418
[15] Neitola R, Ruuska H, Pakkanen T A 2005 J. Phys. Chem. B 109 10348
[16] Matsuzawa N N, Kishii N 1997 J. Phys. Chem. A 101 10045
[17] Kohn W, Sham L J 1965 Phys. Rev. 137 A1697
[18] Kohn W, Sham L J 1965 Phys. Rev. 140 A1133
[19] Kresse G, Furthm黮er J 1996 Phys. Rev. B 54 11169
[20] Ceperley D M, Alder B J 1980 Phys. Rev. Lett. 45 566
[21] Trickey S B, M黮ler-Plathe F, Diercksen G H F, Boettger J C 1992 Phys. Rev. B 45 4460
[22] Ooi N, Rairkar A, Adams J B 2006 Carbon 44 231
[23] Girifalco L A, Hodak M 2002 Phys. Rev. B 65 125404
[24] Vanderbilt D 1990 Phys. Rev. B 41 7892
[25] Monkhorst H J, Pack J D 1976 Phys. Rev. B 13 5188
[26] McKie D, McKie C 1986 Essentials of Crystallography (Oxford: Oxford Press) pp6-8
[27] Ruan J, Bhushan B 1994 J. Appl. Phys. 76 8117
[28] Sugishita J, Fujiyoshi S 1981 Wear 68 7
[29] Zaidi H, Csapo E, Nery H, Paulmier D, Mathia T 1993 Surf. Coat. Technol. 62 388
[30] Matsushita K, Matsukawa H, Sasaki N 2005 Solid State Commun. 136 51
[31] Zaidi H, Paulmier D, Jeanmaire A, Nery H 1991 Surf. Sci. 251 778
[32] M黶er M H, Wenning L, Robbins M O 2001 Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 1295
[33] Maier S, Pfeiffer O, Glatzel T, Meyer E, Filleter T, Bennewitz R 2007 Phys. Rev. B 75 195408
[34] Maier S, Gnecco E, Baratoff A, Bennewitz R, Meyer E 2008 Phys. Rev. B 78 045432
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