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Investigated in this work are the effects of the spin-coating rate of water-soluble copper phthalocyanine (WS-CuPc) and the annealing method of WS-CuPc films obtained at the optimal spin-coating rate on the performances of blue organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs). The OLEDs, eack with a configuration of ITO/WS-CuPc/NPB/Be(PP)2/LiF/Al, are fabricated by using WS-CuPc as hole injection layer, NPB as hole transport layer and Be(PP)2 as emission layer separately. In our experiments, a new annealing method of WS-CuPc is used first for heating the ITO glass, and then for spin-coating the WS-CuPc. The performances of the device prepared with the new annealing method are compared with those of the devices prepared with the traditional annealing method or no annealing treatment. And the effects of different annealing treatments on the surface topography are analyzed by atomic force microscope (AFM). The experimental results demonstrate that there exists an optimal spin-coating rate of WS-CuPc, about 3000 r/min. Based on the optimal spin-coating rate of WS-CuPc, the roughness of the film prepared with the new annealing method is lowest and the performances of the device are best.
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Keywords:
- water-soluble copper phthalocyanine /
- blue organic light-emitting devices /
- spin-coating rate /
- annealing method
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[2] Zou J H, Lan L F, Xu R X, Yang W, Peng J B 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 1275 (in Chinese) [邹建华、兰林锋、徐瑞霞、杨伟、彭俊彪 2010 59 1275]
[3] Chen F P, Xu B, Zhao Z J, Tian W J, Lu P 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 037801
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[5] Liu S W, Huang C A, Lee J H, Yang K H , Chen C C, Chang Y 2004 Thin Solid Films 453-454 312
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[8] Wei B, Liao Y J, Liu J Z, Lu L, Cao J, Wang J, Zhang J H 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 037105
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[18] Zou Y, Deng Z B, Lv Z Y, Chen Z, Xu D H, Chen Y L, Yin Y H, Du H L, Wang Y S 2010 J. Lumin. 130 959
[19] Yang S Y, Du W S, Qi J R, Lou Z D 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 3427 (in Chinese) [杨盛谊、杜文树、齐洁茹、娄志东 2009 58 3427]
[20] Kim J S, Cacialli F, Cola A, Gigli G, Cingolani R 1999 Appl. Phys. Lett. 75 19
[21] Tadayyon S M, Grandin H M, Gri?ths K, Norton P R, Aziz H, Popovic Z D 2004 Org. Electron. 5 157
[22] Van Slyke S A, Chen C H, Tang C W 1996 Appl. Phys. Lett. 69 2160
[23] Yamashita K, Mori T, Mizutani T, Miyazaki H, Takeda T 2000 Thin Solid Films 363 33
[24] Scott J C, Kaufman J H, Brock P J, DiPietro R, Salem J, Goitia J A 1996 J. Appl. Phys. 79 2745
[25] Wang Y, Chang C P, Tian H 2002 Dyes and Pigments 54 265
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[1] Chu T Y, Chen J F, Chen S Y, Chen C J, Chen C H 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 89 053503
[2] Zou J H, Lan L F, Xu R X, Yang W, Peng J B 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 1275 (in Chinese) [邹建华、兰林锋、徐瑞霞、杨伟、彭俊彪 2010 59 1275]
[3] Chen F P, Xu B, Zhao Z J, Tian W J, Lu P 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 037801
[4] Wang B Z, Zhang A Q, Wu H B, Yang W, Wen S S 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 4240 (in Chinese) [王保争、张安琪、吴宏滨、杨 伟、文尚胜 2010 59 4240]
[5] Liu S W, Huang C A, Lee J H, Yang K H , Chen C C, Chang Y 2004 Thin Solid Films 453-454 312
[6] Yan G, Zhao S L, Xu Z, Zhang F J, Kong C, Zhu H N, Song D D, Xu X R 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 037804
[7] Joo C W, Jeon S O, Yook S K, Lee J Y 2009 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 42 105115
[8] Wei B, Liao Y J, Liu J Z, Lu L, Cao J, Wang J, Zhang J H 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 037105
[9] Wang J, Yu J S, Li L, Wang T, Yuan K, Jiang Y D 2008 Appl. Phys. Lett. 92 133308
[10] Sedat N, Hilmi V D 2009 Appl. Phys. Lett. 95 151111
[11] Li Y F, Li F, Zhang J H, Wang C L, Zhu S J, Yu H J, Wang Z H, Yang B 2010 Appl. Phys. Lett. 96 153305
[12] Niu L B, Guan Y X 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 4931 (in Chinese) [牛连斌、关云霞 2009 58 4931]
[13] Lee J H, Lee J I, Lee J Y, Chu H Y 2009 Appl. Phys. Lett. 95 253304
[14] Liu D A, Fina M, Guo J H, Chen X B, Liu G, Johnson S G, Mao S S 2009 Appl. Phys. Lett. 95 013110
[15] Ou E C, Hu L B, Raymond G C R, Soo O K, Pan J S, Zheng Z, Park Y B, Hecht D, Irvin G, Drzaic P, Gruner G 2009 ACS Nano 3 2258
[16] Zhang W, Yu J S, Huang J, Jiang Y D, Zhang Q, Cao K L 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 047802
[17] Jin J K, Kwon S K, Kim Y H, Shin D C, You H, Jung H T 2009 Macromolecules 42 6339
[18] Zou Y, Deng Z B, Lv Z Y, Chen Z, Xu D H, Chen Y L, Yin Y H, Du H L, Wang Y S 2010 J. Lumin. 130 959
[19] Yang S Y, Du W S, Qi J R, Lou Z D 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 3427 (in Chinese) [杨盛谊、杜文树、齐洁茹、娄志东 2009 58 3427]
[20] Kim J S, Cacialli F, Cola A, Gigli G, Cingolani R 1999 Appl. Phys. Lett. 75 19
[21] Tadayyon S M, Grandin H M, Gri?ths K, Norton P R, Aziz H, Popovic Z D 2004 Org. Electron. 5 157
[22] Van Slyke S A, Chen C H, Tang C W 1996 Appl. Phys. Lett. 69 2160
[23] Yamashita K, Mori T, Mizutani T, Miyazaki H, Takeda T 2000 Thin Solid Films 363 33
[24] Scott J C, Kaufman J H, Brock P J, DiPietro R, Salem J, Goitia J A 1996 J. Appl. Phys. 79 2745
[25] Wang Y, Chang C P, Tian H 2002 Dyes and Pigments 54 265
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