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热声成像信噪比往往较低, 为提高信噪比, 通常需要通过对热声信号进行多次取平均. 然而, 通过取平均提高信噪比的方式会降低热声成像时间分辨率, 阻碍快速热声成像技术的发展. 本文提出一种基于多路放大器加法电路的低成本快速热声成像技术, 将超声换能器接收到的热声信号分成四路同时进入四个放大器, 放大后再将该四路信号经过加法电路累加输入到采集系统中, 实现硬件层面的取平均去噪. 仿体实验结果表明: 通过基于多路放大器加法电路的低成本快速热声成像技术, 成像时间分辨率提高了5倍, 信噪比由～6 dB提升到了～12 dB. 本文通过低成本的简单加法电路原理, 既提高了热声成像技术时间分辨率, 又提升了成像信噪比, 为快速热声成像技术的发展提供了一种崭新的技术, 有助于推动热声成像技术的发展和临床应用.
Thermoacoustic imaging (TAI) is an emerging biomedical imaging method in which microwave is used as an excitation source to generate acoustic signals. The TAI possesses the advantages of high contrast of microwave imaging and high resolution of ultrasound imaging, which is also noninvasive. While the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of TAI is often very low. It is usually required by averaging the thermoacoustic signal many times to improve the SNR. However, averaging the signal to improve the SNR can significantly reduce the TAI’s time resolution, which hinders the development of rapid TAI. Here in this paper, we propose to reduce the cost and improve the time resolution of TAI based on multi-channel amplifier and additive circuit. The received thermoacoustic signals are divided into 4 channels and then entered into 4 amplifiers simultaneously. After being amplified, the signals are added and collected by the data acquisition system for reconstructing the image. The phantom results indicate that the time resolution of TAI increases 5 times and the SNR rises from 6 dB to 12 dB, with the multi-channel amplifier and additive circuit adopted. The method proposed in this paper is helpful in promoting the development and clinical application of TAI, especially it has a great significance for developing the ultra-fast TAI. -
Keywords:
- thermoacoustic imaging /
- low cost /
- additive circuit /
- time resolution
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图 1 热声成像实验方案示意图 (a) 传统热声成像实验方案; (b) 基于多路放大器加法电路的热声成像实验方案
Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of the experimental method: (a) The traditional experimental method; (b) the four-channel amplifier and additive-circuit experimental method.
图 2 四路放大和加法电路示意图
Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of the four-channel amplifier and additive-circuit.
图 4 平均 50 次单通道和四通道加法电路信号对比图
Fig. 4. Fifty times averaged signal amplitudes measured using the single-channel and four-channel amplifier and additive-circuit methods.
图 5 仿体重建热声图 (a) 四通道加法电路不平均; (b) 四通道加法电路平均 25 次; (c) 四通道加法电路平均 50次; (d) 单通道不平均; (e) 单通道平均25次; (f) 单通道平均50次
Fig. 5. Recovered TA images from phantom experimental data using the four-channel amplifier and additive circuit without average (a), the four-channel amplifier and additive circuit with 25 times average (b), the four-channel amplifier and additive circuit with 50 times average (c), the single channel without average (d), the single channel with 25 times average (e), and the single channel with 50 times average (f).
图 6 信噪比对比曲线
Fig. 6. Signal-to-noise ratios for the four-channel amplifier and additive circuit and single channel methods.
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[1] Bowen T 1981 Ultrasonics Symposium Chicago, USA, Oct. 14−16, 1981 p817
[2] Ku G, Wang L V 2000 Med. Phys. 27 1195
Google Scholar
[3] Xu M, Xu Y, Wang L V 2003 IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 50 1086
Google Scholar
[4] Kruger R A, Reinecke D R, Kruger G A 1999 Med. Phys. 26 1832
Google Scholar
[5] Qin H, Cui Y S, Wu Z J, Chen Q, Xing D 2020 IEEE Photonics J. 99 1
Google Scholar
[6] Yao L, Guo G, Jiang H 2010 Med. Phys. 37 3752
Google Scholar
[7] Yuan Z, Jiang H 2007 Med. Phys. 34 538
Google Scholar
[8] Gao F, Zheng Y, Feng X, Ohl C D 2013 Appl. Phys. Lett. 102 063702
Google Scholar
[9] Kruger R A, Kiser W L, Reinecke D R, Kruger G A 2003 Med. Phys. 30 856
Google Scholar
[10] Huang L, Yao L, Liu L, Rong J, Jiang H 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 101 244106
Google Scholar
[11] Wang L V, Zhao X, Sun H, Ku G 1999 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 70 3744
Google Scholar
[12] Chen G P, Yu W B, Zhao Z Q, Nie Z P, Liu Q H 2008 J. Electromagnet. Wave. 22 1565
Google Scholar
[13] 陈国平, 赵志钦, 龚伟, 聂在平, 柳清伙 2009 科学通报 54 1786
Google Scholar
Chen G P, Zhao Z Q, Gong W, Nie Z P, Liu Q H 2009 Chin. Sci. Bull. 54 1786
Google Scholar
[14] Qin H, Yang S, Xing D 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 100 033701
Google Scholar
[15] Li C, Pramanik M, Ku G, Wang L V 2008 Phys. Rev. E: Stat. Nonlinear Soft Matter Phys. 77 031923
Google Scholar
[16] Qin H, Qin B, Yuan C, Chen Q, Xing D 2020 Theranostics 10 9172
Google Scholar
[17] Razansky D, Kellnberger S, Ntziachristos V 2010 Med. Phys. 37 4602
Google Scholar
[18] Wang X, Qin T, Qin Y, Abdelrahman A H, Witte R S, Xin H 2019 IEEE T. Antenn. Propag. 67 4803
Google Scholar
[19] Zheng Z, Jiang H 2019 Quant. Imag. Med. Surg. 9 625
Google Scholar
[20] Kellnberger S, Omar M, Sergiadis G, Ntziachristos V 2013 Appl. Phys. Lett. 103 153706
Google Scholar
[21] Hoelen C G A, de Mul F F M 2000 Appl. Opt. 39 5872
Google Scholar
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