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通过对空心圆柱形永磁体与单畴GdBCO超导体磁悬浮力的实验测量，研究了空心圆柱形永磁体内径（d）的变化对超导体磁悬浮力的影响.结果发现，当空心圆柱形永磁体内径从0 mm增加到26 mm时，超导磁悬浮力大小与空心圆柱形永磁体内径有着密切关系（最小测量间距Z=2 mm），所有超导磁悬浮力曲线都存在磁滞现象.随着空心圆柱形永磁体内径的增大，最小间距处超导磁悬浮力逐渐减小，从d=0 mm时的14.8 N减小为d=26 mm时的-0.1 N，d ≥20 mm时，最小间距处超导磁悬浮力出现负值；当0 mm≤ d d ≥ 5 mm时，超导磁悬浮力先增大后减小，最大超导磁悬浮力产生的位置随着内径的增大而变大.研究表明：只有科学合理地设计永磁体结构参数，才能获得较大的磁场强度，提高超导磁悬浮力特性.该结果对设计并优化磁悬浮轴承系统、环形轨道和超导体的实际应用具有一定的指导意义.
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关键词:
- 单畴GdBCO超导体 /
- 空心圆柱形永磁体 /
- 磁悬浮力
The influence of inner diameter of hollow cylindrical permanent magnet on the levitation force of single domain GdBCO bulk superconductor is investigated by measuring the levitation force between the hollow cylindrical permanent magnet and the single domain GdBCO bulk superconductor. The results show that the levitation force is closely related to the inner diameter of the hollow cylindrical permanent magnet when the inner diameter (d) increases from 0 mm to 26 mm (minimum measuring gap distance Z=2 mm), and all the superconducting magnetic levitation force curve shows magnetic hysteresis phenomenon. With the increase of the inner diameter of the hollow cylindrical permanent magnet, the levitation force at a minimum distance decreases gradually from 14.8 N at d=0 mm to -0.1 N at d=26 mm. The levitation force at the minimum gap distance is negative when d ≥ 20 mm. When 0 mm ≤ dd ≥ 5 mm. The larger magnetic field strength of the superconductor can be obtained, and the levitation force can be effectively improved by the scientific and reasonable designing of the permanent magnet structure. The results have certain guiding significance for designing and optimizing the magnetic suspension bearing system, ring track and superconductor.[1] John R H, Shaul H, Tomotake M 2005 Supercond. Sci. Technol. 18 S1
[2] Miyagawa Y, Kameno H, Takahata R 1999 IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 9 996
[3] Nuria D V, Alvaro S, Carles N 2008 Appl. Phys. Lett. 92 042505
[4] Wang J S, Wang S Y 2002 Physica C 378-381 809
[5] Sha J J, Yao Z W 2000 Acta Phys. Sin. 49 1356 (in Chinese) [沙建军, 姚仲文 2000 49 1356]
[6] Feng Y, Zhou L, Yang W M, Zhang C P 2000 Acta Phys. Sin. 49 146 (in Chinese) [冯勇, 周廉, 杨万民, 张翠萍 2000 49 146]
[7] Takahashi K, Ainslie M D, Fujishiro H, Naito T 2017 IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercon. 27 1
[8] Shi Y, Babu N H, Iida K, Cardwell D A 2007 IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 17 2984
[9] Yang W M, Zhou L, Feng Y 1999 Chin. J. Low. Temp. Phys. 21 351 (in Chinese) [杨万民, 周廉, 冯勇 1999 低温 21 351]
[10] Wang M, Yang W M, Yang P T, Wang X M, Zhang M, Hu C X 2016 Acta Phys. Sin. 65 227401 (in Chinese) [王妙, 杨万民, 杨芃焘, 王小梅, 张明, 胡成西 2016 65 227401]
[11] Zhu M, Ren Zh Y, Wang S Y 2002 Chin. J. Low Temperature Phys. 24 213 (in Chinese) [朱敏, 任仲友, 王素玉 2002 低温 24 213]
[12] Carles N, Alvaro S 2001 Phys. Rev. B 64 214507
[13] Zhang F Y, Huang S L, Cao X W 1989 Acta Phys. Sin. 39 830 (in Chinese) [张凤英, 黄孙利, 曹效文 1989 39 830]
[14] Alvaro S, Carles N 2001 Phys. Rev. B 64 214506
[15] Yang W M, Zhou L, Feng Y 2001 Physica C 34 5
[16] Nuria D V, Alvaro S, Enric P 2007 Appl. Phys. Lett. 90 042503
[17] Ma J, Yang W M 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 077401 (in Chinese) [马俊, 杨万民 2011 60 077401]
[18] Ma J, Yang W M, Li G Z 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 027401 (in Chinese) [马俊, 杨万民, 李国政 2011 60 027401]
[19] Ma J, Yang W M, Li J W 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 137401 (in Chinese) [马俊, 杨万民, 李佳伟 2012 61 137401]
[20] Ma J, Yang W M, Wang M 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 227401 (in Chinese) [马俊, 杨万民, 王妙 2013 62 227401]
[21] Cheng X F, Yang W M, Li G Z 2010 Chin. J. Low Temperature Phys. 32 150 (in Chinese) [程晓芳, 杨万民, 李国政 2010 低温 32 150]
[22] Yang W M, Chao X X, Shu Z B, Zhu S H, Wu X L, Bian X B, Liu P 2006 Physica C 347 445
[23] Cheng S L, Yang W M, Zhou L, Li J W 2014 Physica C 496 39
[24] Guo L P, Yang W M, Guo Y X, Chen L P, Li Q 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 077401 (in Chinese) [郭莉萍, 杨万民, 郭玉霞, 陈丽平, 李强 2015 64 077401]
[25] Wang M, Yang W M, Li J W, Feng Z L, Yang P T 2015 Supercond. Sci. Technol. 28 035004
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[1] John R H, Shaul H, Tomotake M 2005 Supercond. Sci. Technol. 18 S1
[2] Miyagawa Y, Kameno H, Takahata R 1999 IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 9 996
[3] Nuria D V, Alvaro S, Carles N 2008 Appl. Phys. Lett. 92 042505
[4] Wang J S, Wang S Y 2002 Physica C 378-381 809
[5] Sha J J, Yao Z W 2000 Acta Phys. Sin. 49 1356 (in Chinese) [沙建军, 姚仲文 2000 49 1356]
[6] Feng Y, Zhou L, Yang W M, Zhang C P 2000 Acta Phys. Sin. 49 146 (in Chinese) [冯勇, 周廉, 杨万民, 张翠萍 2000 49 146]
[7] Takahashi K, Ainslie M D, Fujishiro H, Naito T 2017 IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercon. 27 1
[8] Shi Y, Babu N H, Iida K, Cardwell D A 2007 IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 17 2984
[9] Yang W M, Zhou L, Feng Y 1999 Chin. J. Low. Temp. Phys. 21 351 (in Chinese) [杨万民, 周廉, 冯勇 1999 低温 21 351]
[10] Wang M, Yang W M, Yang P T, Wang X M, Zhang M, Hu C X 2016 Acta Phys. Sin. 65 227401 (in Chinese) [王妙, 杨万民, 杨芃焘, 王小梅, 张明, 胡成西 2016 65 227401]
[11] Zhu M, Ren Zh Y, Wang S Y 2002 Chin. J. Low Temperature Phys. 24 213 (in Chinese) [朱敏, 任仲友, 王素玉 2002 低温 24 213]
[12] Carles N, Alvaro S 2001 Phys. Rev. B 64 214507
[13] Zhang F Y, Huang S L, Cao X W 1989 Acta Phys. Sin. 39 830 (in Chinese) [张凤英, 黄孙利, 曹效文 1989 39 830]
[14] Alvaro S, Carles N 2001 Phys. Rev. B 64 214506
[15] Yang W M, Zhou L, Feng Y 2001 Physica C 34 5
[16] Nuria D V, Alvaro S, Enric P 2007 Appl. Phys. Lett. 90 042503
[17] Ma J, Yang W M 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 077401 (in Chinese) [马俊, 杨万民 2011 60 077401]
[18] Ma J, Yang W M, Li G Z 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 027401 (in Chinese) [马俊, 杨万民, 李国政 2011 60 027401]
[19] Ma J, Yang W M, Li J W 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 137401 (in Chinese) [马俊, 杨万民, 李佳伟 2012 61 137401]
[20] Ma J, Yang W M, Wang M 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 227401 (in Chinese) [马俊, 杨万民, 王妙 2013 62 227401]
[21] Cheng X F, Yang W M, Li G Z 2010 Chin. J. Low Temperature Phys. 32 150 (in Chinese) [程晓芳, 杨万民, 李国政 2010 低温 32 150]
[22] Yang W M, Chao X X, Shu Z B, Zhu S H, Wu X L, Bian X B, Liu P 2006 Physica C 347 445
[23] Cheng S L, Yang W M, Zhou L, Li J W 2014 Physica C 496 39
[24] Guo L P, Yang W M, Guo Y X, Chen L P, Li Q 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 077401 (in Chinese) [郭莉萍, 杨万民, 郭玉霞, 陈丽平, 李强 2015 64 077401]
[25] Wang M, Yang W M, Li J W, Feng Z L, Yang P T 2015 Supercond. Sci. Technol. 28 035004
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