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双基地多输入多输出（MIMO）系统需要对目标的波达角和波离角进行二维估计，针对高分辨算法中阵列协方差矩阵处理运算量大以及估计性能对阵列流形失配敏感的缺陷，提出了一种基于二阶锥规划的抗阵列流形失配的双基地MIMO虚拟阵列波束优化算法. 该方法利用MIMO的波形分集技术与双基地的目标定位解算，通过波达角和波离角在双基地定位椭圆上的对应关系，将双基地MIMO的二维合成方向矢量转化为一维的虚拟阵列流形，并证明了双基地MIMO虚拟阵列的波束图等效为发射波束图在接收阵角度域上的响应和接收波束图的合成. 在优化波束图旁瓣的同时，该算法兼顾了固定方向上的相干干扰抑制，并提高了双基地MIMO虚拟阵列波束优化抗阵列流形失配的能力. 通过波束图和方位谱优化的仿真分析和水池试验，验证了算法的有效性.Two-dimensional estimation for direction of arrival and direction of departure is required in the target location of bistatic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system. In view of the huge calculation of array covariance matrix processing and the sensitivity to the array manifold mismatch, a beam optimization algorithm which can resist array manifold mismatch is proposed based on the virtual array of bistatic MIMO. Optimization for beam pattern through the second-order cone programming is used in the algorithm. The waveform diversity technology and location of bistatic system are combined. The relationship between direction of arrival at and direction of departure from the ellipse locating line is used to convert the two-dimensional synthesis direction vector into one-dimensional virtual array manifold. It is proved that the beam pattern of virtual array manifold transformed in bistatic MIMO can be equivalent to the combination of the beam pattern of transmitting array mapping on the receiving array angle domain and the beam pattern of receiving array. The algorithm can not only control the side lobe and null the beam pattern but also improve the ability to resist array manifold mismatch. The validity of the method is verified by the computer simulation of the optimized beam pattern and spectrum.
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Keywords:
- bistatic MIMO /
- waveform diversity /
- virtual array /
- second-order cone programming
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[13] Liang G L, Ma W, Fan Z, Wang Y L 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 144302(in Chinese)[梁国龙, 马巍, 范展, 王逸林 2013 62 144302]
[14] Xiao X, Xu L, Li Q W 2013 Chin. Phys. B 22 094101
[15] Zhang B X, Liu D D, Shi F F, He F D 2013 Chin. Phys. B 22 014302
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[17] Sun C, Liu X H 2012 Technical Acoustics 31 122 (in Chinese)[孙超, 刘雄厚 2012 声学技术 31 122]
[18] Vorobyov S A, Gershman A B, Luo Z Q 2003 IEEE Signal Process. 51 318
[19] Yan S F, Ma Y L 2009 Sensor Array Beampattern Optimization: Theory with Application (1st Ed.) (Beijing: Science Press) p53 (in Chinese)[鄢社锋, 马远良 2009 传感器阵列波束优化设计及应用 (北京: 科学出版社) 第53页]
[20] Wang Y, Wu W F, Fan Z, Liang G L 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 184302(in Chinese)[王燕, 吴文峰, 范展, 梁国龙 2013 62 184302]
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[1] Xiao S, Cai J J, Wang R L, Liu M Z, Liu F 2009 Chin. Phys. B 18 5103
[2] Shi J, Yang D S, Shi S G 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 124302(in Chinese)[时洁, 杨德森, 时胜国 2012 61 124302]
[3] Hai L, Zhang Y R, Pan C L 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 238402(in Chinese)[海凛, 张业荣, 潘灿林 2013 62 238402]
[4] He H, Stoica P, Li J 2009 IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 57 4403
[5] Li J, Xu L Z, Stoica P 2008 IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 56 220
[6] Bekkerman I, Tabrikian J 2006 IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 54 3873
[7] Gao B, Yang S E, Piao S C 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 054305(in Chinese)[高博, 杨士莪, 朴胜春 2012 61 054305]
[8] Fishler E, Haimovich A, Blum R 2006 IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 54 825
[9] Li J, Lin D, Stoica P 2010 IEEE Trans. on A&E 46 451
[10] Wu Y B, Zheng Z D, Yang J S 2011 J. Electron. Inf. Technol. 33 1818 (in Chinese)[吴跃波, 郑志东, 杨景曙 2011 电子与信息学报 33 1818]
[11] Cheng Y B, Gu H, Su W M 2012 J. Electron. Inf. Technol. 34 313 (in Chinese)[程院兵, 顾红, 苏卫民 2012 电子与信息学报 33 313]
[12] Liu X L, Liao G S 2011 Acta Electron. Sin. 3 598 (in Chinese)[刘晓莉, 廖桂生 2011 电子学报 3 598]
[13] Liang G L, Ma W, Fan Z, Wang Y L 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 144302(in Chinese)[梁国龙, 马巍, 范展, 王逸林 2013 62 144302]
[14] Xiao X, Xu L, Li Q W 2013 Chin. Phys. B 22 094101
[15] Zhang B X, Liu D D, Shi F F, He F D 2013 Chin. Phys. B 22 014302
[16] Tian T, Liu G Z, Sun D J 2003 Sonar Technology (Harbin, Harbin Engineering University Press) p68 (in Chinese)[田坦, 刘国枝, 孙大军 2003 声纳技术 (哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工程大学版社) 第68页]
[17] Sun C, Liu X H 2012 Technical Acoustics 31 122 (in Chinese)[孙超, 刘雄厚 2012 声学技术 31 122]
[18] Vorobyov S A, Gershman A B, Luo Z Q 2003 IEEE Signal Process. 51 318
[19] Yan S F, Ma Y L 2009 Sensor Array Beampattern Optimization: Theory with Application (1st Ed.) (Beijing: Science Press) p53 (in Chinese)[鄢社锋, 马远良 2009 传感器阵列波束优化设计及应用 (北京: 科学出版社) 第53页]
[20] Wang Y, Wu W F, Fan Z, Liang G L 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 184302(in Chinese)[王燕, 吴文峰, 范展, 梁国龙 2013 62 184302]
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