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采用巨磁电阻（GMR）传感器对铝合金惰性气体保护焊焊缝的涡流电磁信号进行提取. 采用非线性特征分析的方法对良好、含有密集气孔和未焊透三种不同状态焊缝的涡流电磁信号的特性进行分析. 提取焊缝涡流电磁信号的Lyapunov指数、关联维数等参数进行分析，分析结果表明焊缝涡流电磁信号具有明显的非线性混沌特性. 采用Lempel-Ziv复杂度和近似熵测度分析三种状态焊缝涡流电磁信号的复杂度，结果表明：Lempel-Ziv 复杂度和近似熵对不同状态焊缝的涡流电磁信号是敏感的，可以得到焊缝的电磁信号的非线性特征，并对焊缝的类别进行分类辨识，为分析焊缝的不同状态提供了一种有效的辅助工具和方法.
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关键词:
- 涡流电磁信号 /
- Lyapunov指数 /
- 关联维数 /
- 复杂度
GMR (giant magneto resistance) sensor can be used to measure the eddy current magnetic field of the Al-alloy weld. The nonlinear time series analysis method is introduced to study the signals from the eddy current magnetic field of the weld in three different states, which include good, lack of penetration, and clustered blowhole weld. Several nonlinear characteristic parameters, such as Lyapunov exponent and correlation dimension etc., are extracted. The results show that the eddy current magnetic field of the Al-alloy weld has distinguished chaotic features. Analysis of the Lempel-Ziv complexity and approximate entropy for different signals leads to the conclusion that these two complex measures are sensitive to the eddy current magnetic field of the weld zone. Through these methods, nonlinear characteristics of eddy current magnetic field of the weld can be obtained for identifying and classifying the type of the weld, which will serve as an efficient supplementary diagnostic tool to reveal different patterns of the welds.-
Keywords:
- magnetic field signals /
- Lyapunov exponent /
- correlation dimension /
- complexity
[1] Zuo D G, Li F, Hua X M, Wu Y X 2007 Eletr. Weld. Mach. 37 1 (in Chinese)[左敦桂, 李芳, 华学明, 吴毅雄 2007 电焊机 37 1]
[2] Zhang W C, Yang L J, Lv X Q 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 152 (in Chinese)[张伟超, 杨立军, 吕小青 2011 60 152]
[3] Cao B, Xiang Y P, Lv X Q, Zeng M, Huang S S 2008 Chin. Phys. B 17 865
[4] Fan M B, Yin Y D, Cao B H 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 088105 (in Chinese)[范孟豹, 尹亚丹, 曹丙花 2012 61 088105]
[5] Hao K S, Huang S L, Zhao W, Wang K 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 078103 (in Chinese)[郝宽胜, 黄松岭, 赵伟, 王珅 2011 60 078103]
[6] Rao B, Raj B, Jayakumar T, Kalyanasundaram P 2002 NDT & E Int. 35 393
[7] Yusa N, Janousek L, Rebican M, Chen Z, Miya K, Chigusa N, Ito H 2006 Nucl Eng Des 236 1852
[8] Yusa N, Machida E, Janousek L, Rebican M, Chen Z, Miya K 2005 Nucl Eng Des 235 1469
[9] Allweins K, Kreutzbruck M V, Gierelt G 2005 J Appl Phys 97 10Q1021
[10] Ye B, Huang P J, Fan M B, Gong X, Hou D B, Zhang G X, Zhou Z K 2009 Nondestruct Test Eva 24 19
[11] Du M, Jin N D, Gao Z K, Zhu L, Wang Z Y 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 230507 (in Chinese)[杜萌, 金宁德, 高忠科, 朱雷, 王振亚 2012 61 230507]
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[14] Luo X L, Wang J, Han C X, Deng B, Wei X L, Bian H R 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 028701
[15] Wolf A, Swift J B, Swinney H L, Vastano J A 1985 Physica D 16 285
[16] Grassberger P, Procaccia I 1983 Physica D 9 189
[17] Grassberger P, Procaccia I 1984 Physica D 13 34
[18] Lempel A, Ziv J 1976 IEEE T Info Theory 22 75
[19] Zhang D Z 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 3152 (in Chinese)[张佃中 2007 56 3152]
[20] Kaspar F, Schuster H G 1987 Phys Rev A 36 842
[21] Zhao J Y, Jin N D 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 094701 (in Chinese) [赵俊英, 金宁德 2012 61 094701]
[22] Pincus S M 1991 Proc Natl Acad Sci. USA 88 2297
[23] Han C X, Wang J, Che Y Q, Deng B, Guo Y, Guo Y M, Liu Y Y 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 5880 (in Chinese)[韩春晓, 王江, 车艳秋, 邓斌, 郭义, 郭永明, 刘阳阳 2010 59 5880]
[24] Zhuang J Z, Ning X B, Zou M, Sun B, Yang X 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 2805 (in Chinese)[庄建军, 宁新宝, 邹鸣, 孙飙, 杨希 2008 57 2805]
[25] Cai J P, Li Z, Song W T 2003 Acta Phys. Sin. 52 1871 (in Chinese)[蔡觉平, 李赞, 宋文涛 2003 52 1871]
[26] Hou W, Feng G L, Dong W J 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 3940 (in Chinese)[侯威, 封国林, 董文杰 2005 54 3940]
[27] Vieira A P, Moura E P, Goncalves L L, Rebello J M A 2008 Chaos, Solitons and Fractals 38 748
[28] Lv X Q, Cao B, Zeng M, Huang S S 2005 Trans. China Weld. Ins. 26 65 (in Chinese)[吕小青, 曹彪, 曾敏, 黄石生 2005 焊接学报 26 65]
[29] Fraser A M, Swinney H L 1986 Phys Rev A 33 1134
[30] Cao L 1997 Physica D 110 43
[31] Abarbanel H D I, Kennel M B 1993 Phys Rev E 47 3057
[32] Reinbacher K A, Magele C, Renhart W 2012 Int J Appl Electrom 39 157
[33] Men X, Shen E H, Gu F J, Qiu Z C 2000 Acta Biophys. Sin. 16 701 (in Chinese)[孟欣, 沈恩华, 顾凡及邱志诚 2000 生物 16 701]
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[1] Zuo D G, Li F, Hua X M, Wu Y X 2007 Eletr. Weld. Mach. 37 1 (in Chinese)[左敦桂, 李芳, 华学明, 吴毅雄 2007 电焊机 37 1]
[2] Zhang W C, Yang L J, Lv X Q 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 152 (in Chinese)[张伟超, 杨立军, 吕小青 2011 60 152]
[3] Cao B, Xiang Y P, Lv X Q, Zeng M, Huang S S 2008 Chin. Phys. B 17 865
[4] Fan M B, Yin Y D, Cao B H 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 088105 (in Chinese)[范孟豹, 尹亚丹, 曹丙花 2012 61 088105]
[5] Hao K S, Huang S L, Zhao W, Wang K 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 078103 (in Chinese)[郝宽胜, 黄松岭, 赵伟, 王珅 2011 60 078103]
[6] Rao B, Raj B, Jayakumar T, Kalyanasundaram P 2002 NDT & E Int. 35 393
[7] Yusa N, Janousek L, Rebican M, Chen Z, Miya K, Chigusa N, Ito H 2006 Nucl Eng Des 236 1852
[8] Yusa N, Machida E, Janousek L, Rebican M, Chen Z, Miya K 2005 Nucl Eng Des 235 1469
[9] Allweins K, Kreutzbruck M V, Gierelt G 2005 J Appl Phys 97 10Q1021
[10] Ye B, Huang P J, Fan M B, Gong X, Hou D B, Zhang G X, Zhou Z K 2009 Nondestruct Test Eva 24 19
[11] Du M, Jin N D, Gao Z K, Zhu L, Wang Z Y 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 230507 (in Chinese)[杜萌, 金宁德, 高忠科, 朱雷, 王振亚 2012 61 230507]
[12] Jin N D, Dong F, Zhao S 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 720 (in Chinese)[金宁德, 董芳, 赵舒 2007 56 720]
[13] Jin N D, Zheng G B, Hu L Y 2006 Chinese J. GEOPHYS 49 1552 (in Chinese)[金宁德, 郑桂波, 胡凌云 2006 地球 49 1552]
[14] Luo X L, Wang J, Han C X, Deng B, Wei X L, Bian H R 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 028701
[15] Wolf A, Swift J B, Swinney H L, Vastano J A 1985 Physica D 16 285
[16] Grassberger P, Procaccia I 1983 Physica D 9 189
[17] Grassberger P, Procaccia I 1984 Physica D 13 34
[18] Lempel A, Ziv J 1976 IEEE T Info Theory 22 75
[19] Zhang D Z 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 3152 (in Chinese)[张佃中 2007 56 3152]
[20] Kaspar F, Schuster H G 1987 Phys Rev A 36 842
[21] Zhao J Y, Jin N D 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 094701 (in Chinese) [赵俊英, 金宁德 2012 61 094701]
[22] Pincus S M 1991 Proc Natl Acad Sci. USA 88 2297
[23] Han C X, Wang J, Che Y Q, Deng B, Guo Y, Guo Y M, Liu Y Y 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 5880 (in Chinese)[韩春晓, 王江, 车艳秋, 邓斌, 郭义, 郭永明, 刘阳阳 2010 59 5880]
[24] Zhuang J Z, Ning X B, Zou M, Sun B, Yang X 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 2805 (in Chinese)[庄建军, 宁新宝, 邹鸣, 孙飙, 杨希 2008 57 2805]
[25] Cai J P, Li Z, Song W T 2003 Acta Phys. Sin. 52 1871 (in Chinese)[蔡觉平, 李赞, 宋文涛 2003 52 1871]
[26] Hou W, Feng G L, Dong W J 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 3940 (in Chinese)[侯威, 封国林, 董文杰 2005 54 3940]
[27] Vieira A P, Moura E P, Goncalves L L, Rebello J M A 2008 Chaos, Solitons and Fractals 38 748
[28] Lv X Q, Cao B, Zeng M, Huang S S 2005 Trans. China Weld. Ins. 26 65 (in Chinese)[吕小青, 曹彪, 曾敏, 黄石生 2005 焊接学报 26 65]
[29] Fraser A M, Swinney H L 1986 Phys Rev A 33 1134
[30] Cao L 1997 Physica D 110 43
[31] Abarbanel H D I, Kennel M B 1993 Phys Rev E 47 3057
[32] Reinbacher K A, Magele C, Renhart W 2012 Int J Appl Electrom 39 157
[33] Men X, Shen E H, Gu F J, Qiu Z C 2000 Acta Biophys. Sin. 16 701 (in Chinese)[孟欣, 沈恩华, 顾凡及邱志诚 2000 生物 16 701]
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