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本文试把到写稿时为止(1961年3月底)的一切关于π-N,p-N和p-p的作用和入射粒子能量在几百Mev.至10Bev.范围以内的实验工作予以报导和总论。举凡关于这些作用的总截面、弹性散射截面和非弹性散射截面,都经收集整理,并加以分析。这些截面随能量的增减而变化的情况,都以曲线表达,并且与理论结果作出比较。曲线中有几个重要和有趣之点,也予以指出。在π-N作用中的几个共振峯和关于他们的理论解释,也经较详细的叙述。在弹性散射方面,我们将微分截面的角分布和理论作了比较。在非弹性散射方面,我们把多重产生、动量分布、角分布、横动量和它们与入射粒子能量的关系,都加以分析和讨论。我们特别注意和讨论了下列二种情况:在π-p作用时,质子总是向后散射;而在p-p作用时,两个质子总是不各向均匀地但向前后对称地散射。这种现象被称为质子的“边缘”碰撞。我们认为,这些和其他事实都可能表明了在质子内的确有“核心”的存在,而且这个“核心”非常的小,它的直径比0.4×10-13厘米要小得多。In this paper, it is attempted to give a comprehensive survey of recent experimental works on the π-N, p-N and p-p interactions with kinetic energies of incident π-mesons, protons and antiprotons, ranging from a few hundred Mev to 10 Bev. Experimental results concerning cross-sections of total scattering, elastic scattering and inelastic scattering of these interactions are summarized and analysed. Curves representing the trend of change of these cross-sections with energies are presented and compared with theoretical predictions. Some interesting points of these curves are indicated. In the case of π-N interactions, the appea-rence of some resonance peaks are demonstrated and their interpretations by some theoreticians are described. For elastic scatterings, the angular distributions of differential cross-sections are compared with optical model. For inelastic collisions, the multiplicities, angular and momentum distributions and transversal momenta of secondary particles and the variations of these quantities with energies are described and discussed. Special attention being paid on the persistence of the backword scattering of protons in the case of π-p interactions and the symmtrical but nonisotropic scattering of protons in the case of p-p interactions. These phenomena are attributed to the so called "peripherical " collision of the interacting nucleons. This and other facts in elastic scattering may indicate that nucleon really has a "nucleus" but of very small dimension (?0.4×10-13 cm in raduis).
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