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在此短文中,我们给色散关系一个简单的但不严格的证明。证明的方法为将因果振幅对中间态展开,分别研究能量分母及相应的分子的解析性。能量分母的解析性是较显然的。至于分子的解析性的证明,我们先研究μ2换为—p2时的相应量(μ为介子质量,p为核子在Breit坐标系中的动量,介子核子散射为我们所考虑的具体对象),研究其解析性,通过一个变数的变换而达到我们证明的目的。在此方法中,p2可以大至M2—μ2,M为核子质量。我们也考虑了在位场散射中相位移η(k)的解析开拓问题,证明了如果位能在r→∞处形如e-αr(a>0),则η(k)可以开拓至|Imk|<1/2α的区域。In this note, a simple but not rigorous proof for dispersive relations is given. The proof proceeds by expanding the causal amplitude with respect to the intermediate states and considering the analyticity of the energy denominator and the corresponding numerator separately. While the analyticity of the energy denominator is more or less obvious, the proof of the analyticity of the numerator, say N, is achieved by considering the analyticity of the corresponding numerator where the mass μ2 has been replaced by -p2 (μ = mass of meson, p = momentum of nucleon in Breit's system, the scattering of mesons by nuc-leons being considered for definiteness) and passing to the analyticity of N with the help of a suitable transformation. The idea of replacing μ2 by another quantity is due Bokolubof (Боголюбов), but here analyticity with respect to this new quantity is not considered. In the present method, p2 is allowed to be as great as M2 -μ2(M = mass of nucleon).The analyticity of phase shifts η(k) in potential scattering is also considered and it is pointed out that if the potential V→ e-αr as r→∞(α > 0), then η(k) may be extended to where |Im k| <1/2a.
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