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空中飞行器在飞行过程中对邻近大气环境造成扰动，形成明显有别于自然背景的大气密度空间分布特征。文中提出基于大气扰动密度场远距离感知飞行器存在的构想，针对性地设计了对大气扰动区域散射光进行三维层析成像的探测模式，以及扰动光信号产生、传递和响应的全过程仿真链路。重点解决了在短曝光条件和激光脉冲二次散射作用下的成像调制传递函数（Modulation Transfer Function,MTF）估算问题，构建了飞行器扰动密度场的光散射回波成像仿真模型。模拟了大气扰动密度场对主动光源的散射回波信号图像和与无扰动背景的差异图像，并在此基础上讨论了不同系统参数下的仿真结果。该模型可以为探测系统设计提供分析工具，并为相关探测技术的发展提供基础。During flight operations, aircraft induce atmospheric disturbances in adjacent environments through aerodynamic interactions between their geometric configurations and ambient air medium, creating spatially distinct density distribution characteristics that markedly differ from natural backgrounds. Given the positive correlation between atmospheric medium density and light scattering intensity, theoretical analysis suggests that detecting light scattering intensity signals in disturbed regions could map density distributions, thereby extracting features of aircraft-induced atmospheric disturbance density fields. Based on the concept of long-range aircraft detection through atmospheric disturbance density field characterization, this study proposes a novel remote sensing method for aircraft detection. Specifically, a three-dimensional tomographic imaging detection mode for scattered light in atmospheric disturbance regions is designed, and a comprehensive simulation framework encompassing the entire process of disturbance optical signal generation, transmission, and response is constructed. The study accomplishes the following tasks: (1) Critical challenges in imaging modulation transfer function (MTF) estimation under short-exposure conditions with laser pulse secondary scattering effects are resolved, and a photon scattering echo imaging simulation model for aircraft-induced disturbance density fields is established; (2) Scattering echo signal images from active light sources in disturbed density fields and differential images comparing disturbed/non-disturbed backgrounds are simulated, with systematic analysis of simulation results under varying system parameters. The research demonstrates that this simulation model can be applied to optimize detection system parameters, develop signal processing methods, and assess long-range detection capabilities. It provides both theoretical foundations and technical support for advancing aircraft detection technologies based on density disturbance characteristics.
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Keywords:
- density field /
- atmospheric disturbance /
- active detection /
- imaging simulation
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