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光致变色材料作为一种自适应型智能材料，在智能窗户、光电传感器、光学存储等领域均有广泛的应用。稀土含氧氢化物(REHxOy)薄膜作为一种新型光致变色材料，自发现以来，就以其高效可逆的变色性能、简单可重复的制备方法、快速的着褪色时间吸引了研究者们的目光。本文基于近年来针对稀土含氧氢化物光致变色薄膜的结构组成、变色机理、性能调控的研究现状进行了综述。REHxOy薄膜可以响应紫外光和可见光的激发，对全光谱波段透过率进行大幅调节。光致变色机理可归类为晶格收缩机制、氧交换机制、局部金属相变、氢迁移机制四种解释。目前可以通过控制薄膜形貌、设计化学组分、提高衬底适配、多层膜结构设计等方式进行性能调控。最后对薄膜之后的研究重点进行了展望。Photochromic materials, as an adaptive smart material, have a wide range of applications in smart windows, photoelectric sensors, optical storage, etc. Oxygen-containing rare-earth metal hydrides (REHxOy) films, a new type of photochromic material, have attracted the attention of researchers for their efficient and reversible color-changing properties, simple and reproducible preparation methods, and fast darkening-bleaching times. This paper reviews the current status of research on the structural composition, color change mechanism, and property modulation of oxygen-containing rare-earth metal hydrides films. Exposure to visible and ultraviolet (UV) light triggers a decrease in the optical transmission of visible and infrared (IR) light. The photochromic mechanism can be categorized into four explanations: lattice contraction mechanism, oxygen exchange mechanism, local metal phase change, and hydrogen migration mechanism. Currently, performance can be tuned by controlling film morphology, designing chemical components, improving substrate adaptation, multilayer film structure design, etc. Finally, an outlook on research priorities after thin films is provided.
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Keywords:
- photochromic materials /
- REHxOy thin film /
- structural composition /
- mechanism /
- property modulation /
- review
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