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针对阶梯相位调制窄谱激光主动照明方法, 基于物理模型及工程应用需求, 对窄谱激光谱线线型、阶梯相位调制器光学镜数量、光学镜厚度梯度误差三种影响因素, 进行了主动照明远场光斑均匀性数值模拟, 揭示了照明远场光斑闪烁指数随影响因素的变化规律. 结果表明: 激光谱线线型对照明光斑均匀性的影响很小, 均匀型、高斯型、洛伦兹型激光谱线照明光斑空间闪烁指数均值分别为0.27, 0.28, 0.28; 照明光斑闪烁指数随阶梯相位调制器光学镜数量增多而降低, 且逐渐趋于平缓; 光学镜厚度梯度毫米量级的误差对闪烁指数的影响很小, 误差为–0.6 mm时, 空间闪烁指数由0.266增大到0.271, 恶化率仅为1.9%.Active illumination with narrow spectrum laser based on ladderlike phase modulator (LPM), is an effective method to improve the illumination uniformity. Laser spectrum style, lens number of LPM, and lens thickness error of LPM are three significant factors influencing the illumination uniformity in engineering. The laws of the three factors with scintillation indexes are analyzed through numerical simulation. The results indicate that the laser spectrum style is not an important factor, and the spatial scintillation index of uniformity, Gauss, Lorenz style narrow spectrum laser are 0.27, 0.28, and 0.28 respectively. The scintillation indexes decrease gradually with the lens number of LPM increasing. The spatial scintillation index increases from 0.266 to 0.271, when the lens thickness error of LPM is –0.6 mm. Therefore, several ideas are proposed: when this method is used in the engineering project, some attention should be paid to laser spectrum style, the lens number of LPM should be optimized by considering the laser spectrum width and scintillation index synchronously, and the negative error of optical lens thickness gradient of LPM should be controlled attentively.
[1] 苏毅, 万敏 2004 高能激光系统 (北京: 国防工业出版社) 第181页
Su Y, Wan M 2004 High Energy Laser System (Beijing: National Defense Industrial Press) p181 (in Chinese)
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Wan M, Zhang W, Xiang R J, Yang R 2002 High Power Laser and Particle Beam 14 0041
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Chen Y Q, Wang J H 2008 Laser Principle (Hangzhou: Zhejiang University Press) pp240–265 (in Chinese)
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图 1 典型帧远场光斑分布 (a)无阶梯相位调制器; (b)有阶梯相位调制器
Fig. 1. Typical focal patterns: (a) No ladderlike phase modulator (No LPM); (b) ladderlike phase modulator (LPM).
图 2 远场光斑半径及空间闪烁指数 (a) 光斑半径; (b) 空间闪烁指数
Fig. 2. Radius and spatial scintillation index of focal patterns: (a) Radius; (b) spatial scintillation index.
图 4 不同谱线线型窄谱激光照明远场光斑分布 (a)无阶梯相位调制器; (b)−(d)有阶梯相位调制器, 其中激光谱线线型分别为(b)均匀型、(c)高斯型、(d)洛伦兹型
Fig. 4. Typical focal patterns with different laser spectrum styles: (a) No LPM; (b)–(d) LPM, where the laser spectrum styles in panel (b)–(d) are (b) uniformity style, (c) Gauss style, (d) Lorenz style, respectively.
图 5 不同谱线线型窄谱激光照明远场光斑空间闪烁指数
Fig. 5. Spatial scintillation index of the focal patterns with different laser spectrum styles.
图 8 照明光斑相干项归一化幅值与光学镜厚度梯度误差的关系
Fig. 8. Normalized value of coherent item vs. the thickness error of lens.
表 1 阶梯相位调制器光学镜厚度
Table 1. Lens thickness of LPM.
光学镜
数量激光线宽/ nm 0.04
(～10 GHz)0.19
(～50 GHz)0.38
(～100 GHz)厚度/mm 1 0 0 0 2 56.60 11.92 5.96 3 113.21 23.83 11.92 4 169.81 35.75 17.88 5 226.42 47.66 23.83 6 283.02 59.58 29.79 
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[1] 苏毅, 万敏 2004 高能激光系统 (北京: 国防工业出版社) 第181页
Su Y, Wan M 2004 High Energy Laser System (Beijing: National Defense Industrial Press) p181 (in Chinese)
[2] 谭毅, 耿超, 李新阳, 罗文, 罗奇 2015 64 024216
Google Scholar
Tan Y, Geng C, Li X Y, Luo W, Luo Q 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 024216
Google Scholar
[3] 张飞舟, 李有宽 2007 光学学报 22 567
Google Scholar
Zhang F Z, Li Y K 2007 Acta Opt. Sin. 22 567
Google Scholar
[4] Peleg A, Moloney J V 2006 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 23 3114
Google Scholar
[5] Higgs C, Barclay H T 1998 Part of the SPIE Conference on Airborne Laser Advanced Technology Orlando, Florido, USA, April, 1998 p160
[6] Higgs C, Barclay H T 1999 Part of the SPIE Conference on Airborne Laser Advanced Technology II Orlando, Florido, USA, April, 1999 p206
[7] 万敏, 张卫, 向汝建, 杨锐 2002 强激光与粒子束 14 0041
Wan M, Zhang W, Xiang R J, Yang R 2002 High Power Laser and Particle Beam 14 0041
[8] 李宾中, 吕百达, 万敏, 李国会, 郑捷, 张卫 2003 激光技术 27 334
Google Scholar
Li B Z, Lü B D, Wan M, Li G H, Zheng J, Zhang W 2003 Laser Tech. 27 334
Google Scholar
[9] Poyet J M, Meyer O, Christnacher F 2014 Opt. Lett. 39 2592
Google Scholar
[10] 康凯 2019 硕士学位论文 (哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学)
Kang K 2019 M. S. Thesis (Harbin: Harbin Institute of Technology) (in Chinese)
[11] 罗文, 陈天江, 张飞舟, 邹凯, 安建祝, 张建柱 2021 70 154207
Google Scholar
Luo W, Chen T J, Zhang F Z, Zhou K, An J Z, Zhang J Z 2021 Acta Phys. Sin. 70 154207
Google Scholar
[12] 谢晓钢, 张建柱, 岳玉芳, 安建祝, 张飞舟 2013 强激光与粒子束 25 2536
Google Scholar
Xie X G, Zhang J Z, Yue Y F, An J Z, Zhang F Z 2013 High Power Laser and Particle Beam 25 2536
Google Scholar
[13] 张建柱, 张飞舟, 吴毅 2012 强激光与粒子束 24 2318
Google Scholar
Zhang J Z, Zhang F Z, Wu Y 2012 High Power Laser and Particle Beam 24 2318
Google Scholar
[14] 陈钰清, 王静环 2008 激光原理 (杭州: 浙江大学出版社) 第240—265页
Chen Y Q, Wang J H 2008 Laser Principle (Hangzhou: Zhejiang University Press) pp240–265 (in Chinese)
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