随机电磁高阶Bessel-Gaussian光束在海洋湍流中的传输特性

刘永欣; 陈子阳; 蒲继雄

doi:10.7498/aps.66.124205

摘要

利用广义惠更斯-菲涅耳衍射积分公式得到了随机电磁高阶Bessel-Gaussian光束在海洋湍流中传输的交叉谱密度矩阵的一般表达式，通过数值计算主要研究了随机电磁高阶Bessel-Gaussian光束在海洋湍流中传输时其在远场输出面的统计特性的变化，包括归一化光谱强度、光谱偏振度、两点的光谱相干度等.数值模拟结果显示海洋湍流能够对随机电磁高阶Bessel-Gaussian光束的归一化光谱强度分布产生影响，随着传输距离的增加，零阶Bessel-Gaussian光束中心出现凹陷，高阶Bessel-Gaussian光束中心会变平坦继而又凹陷下去，不管零阶还是高阶，当传输距离增加到足够远，光强分布都会演变成最终的类高斯分布.x轴上各点的偏振度改变与相干长度xx，yy以及海洋湍流参数有关.x轴上任意一点和原点这两点的光谱相干度也随x的增加而呈振荡变化，并且海洋的均方温度耗散率T对光谱相干度有影响.

关键词:

Abstract

Recently, the laser beam propagation in the oceanic turbulence has become a hot research topic. In addition to the characteristics of free diffraction and self-reconstruction, the high-order Bessel-Gaussian beam is a kind of typical vortex beam because of the existence of a spiral phase factor with orbital angular momentum. Researchers have investigated the self-reconstruction property of the high-order Bessel-Gaussian beams in the free space, also carried out intensive researches on the transmission characteristics of high-order Bessel-Gaussian beam in the ABCD optical system and in the atmospheric turbulence. However, to the best of our knowledge, to date there has been no investigation on the propagation of this laser beam in the oceanic turbulence. In this paper, we will study the propagation characteristics of the random electromagnetic high-order Bessel-Gaussian beams in the oceanic turbulence, and discuss the variation of the normalized spectrum intensity, the spectral degree of polarization, and the spectral degree of coherence. By using the extended Huygens-Fresnel diffraction integral formula, the general expression for the cross spectral density matrix of the stochastic electromagnetic high-order Bessel-Gaussian beams propagating in the oceanic turbulence is obtained, and the statistical properties of the random electromagnetic high-order Bessel-Gaussian beams propagating in the seawater are investigated by numerical calculation. The numerical results show that the oceanic turbulence can affect the normalized spectral intensity distribution of the random electromagnetic beam. With the increase of the transmission distance, the center of the zero-order Bessel-Gaussian beam becomes depressed, and the center of the higher-order Bessel-Gaussian beam will become flat and then depressed. As the transmission distance increases far enough, regardless of the zero-order or higher-order, the intensity distribution will eventually evolve into the quasi Gaussian shaped distribution. The variation of the degree of polarization of each point on the x axis is related to the coherence length (xx，yy) and the oceanic turbulence parameters. The spectral coherence of the origin and any point on the x axis also changes with the increase of x, and the rate of dissipation of mean-square temperature T has influence on the spectral coherence. This research is of great value for applying the high-order Bessel-Gaussian beam to the optical communication, optical imaging and underwater exploration in the ocean.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
华侨大学信息科学与工程学院, 福建省光传输与变换重点实验室, 厦门 361021

通信作者: 蒲继雄, jixiong@hqu.edu.cn

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（批准号：61505059，61575070，11504116）、福建省教育厅科技项目（批准号：JA15038）和华侨大学高层次人才启动经费（批准号：12BS231）资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
Fujian Key Laboratory of Light Propagation and Transformation, College of Information Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China

Corresponding author: Pu Ji-Xiong, jixiong@hqu.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61505059, 61575070, 11504116), the Project of Education Department of Fujian Province, China (Grant No. JA15038), and the High level talent research of Huaqiao University, China (Grant No. 12BS231).

参考文献

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施引文献

[1]	Korotkova O, Farwell N 2011 Opt. Commun. 284 1740
[2]	Shchepakina E, Farwell N, Korotkova O 2011 Appl. Phys. B 105 415
[3]	Farwell N, Korotkova O 2012 Opt. Commun. 285 872
[4]	Fu W Y, Zhang H M 2013 Opt. Commun. 304 11
[5]	Fu W Y, Zhang H M, Zheng X R 2015 Chin. J. Lasers 42 s113002 (in Chinese) [付文羽, 张汉谋, 郑兴荣 2015 中国激光 42 s113002]
[6]	Tang M M, Zhao D M 2013 Appl. Phys. B 111 665
[7]	Xu J, Tang M M, Zhao D M 2014 Opt. Commun. 331 1
[8]	Xu J, Zhao D M 2014 Opt. Laser Technol. 57 189
[9]	Tang M M, Zhao D M 2014 Opt. Commun. 312 89
[10]	Zhu W T, Tang M M, Zhao D M 2016 Optik 127 3775
[11]	Lu L, Ji X L, Li X Q, Deng J P, Chen H, Yang T 2014 Optik 125 7154
[12]	Yang T, Ji X L, Li X Q 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 024206 (in Chinese) [杨婷, 季小玲, 李晓庆 2015 64 024206]
[13]	Huang Y P, Huang P, Wang F, Zhao G, Zeng A 2015 Opt. Commun. 336 146
[14]	Liu D J, Wang Y C, Wang G Q, Yin H M, Wang J R 2016 Opt. Laser Technol. 82 76
[15]	Liu D J, Chen L, Wang Y C, Wang G Q, Yin H M 2016 Optik 127 6961
[16]	Liu D J, Wang Y R, Yin H M 2015 Appl. Opt. 54 10510
[17]	Zhang Q A, Wu F T, Zheng W T, Pu J X 2011 Sci. Sin.: Phys. Mech. Astron. 41 1131 (in Chinese) [张前安, 吴逢铁, 郑维涛, 蒲继雄 2011 中国科学: 物理学力学天文学 41 1131]
[18]	Chen B S, Chen Z Y, Pu J X 2008 Opt. Laser Technol. 40 820
[19]	Chen Z Y, Cui S W, Zhang L, Sun C Z, Xiong M S, Pu J X 2014 Opt. Express 22 18278
[20]	Zhao C L, Wang L G, Lu X H, Chen H 2007 Opt. Laser Technol. 39 1199
[21]	Eyyuboglu H T 2007 Appl. Phys. B 88 259
[22]	Nikishov V V, Nikishov V I 2000 Int. J. Fluid Mech. Res. 27 82

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