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飞秒光学频率梳波长覆盖范围向可见光波长扩展对于碘稳频激光的绝对频率测量以及光钟研究中钟激光的绝对频率测量都具有十分重要的意义. 本文在自行研制掺Er光纤飞秒光学频率梳的基础上, 采用放大-倍频-扩谱的方案, 实现了激光输出波长向可见光波长的扩展. 掺Er光纤飞秒光学频率梳输出的一部分光激光脉冲, 功率约为8 mW, 首先经掺Er光纤放大器将功率提高到531 mW, 此后利用MgO: PPLN晶体倍频, 倍频后激光的功率为170 mW, 倍频效率为32%, 脉冲宽度为85 fs. 倍频后的激光通过光子晶体光纤进行光谱展宽. 通过优化入射光偏振状态可以实现波长覆盖500-1000 nm, 输出功率为85 mW, 耦合效率为50%. 采用小型化碘稳频532 nm Nd: YAG激光器输出激光与光学频率梳光谱展宽后的激光进行拍频可以获得30 dB的拍频信号. 覆盖可见光波长的掺Er光纤飞秒光学频率梳为可见光范围内激光的绝对频率测量提供了技术手段.Femtosecond optical frequency combs (FOFCs) with output wavelengths covering visible light have potential applications in absolute frequency measureflent of iodine-stabilized lasers and optical clock lasers. Based on optical amplification, frequency doubling and spectrum broadening, a home-made Er-fiber femtosecond optical frequency comb (Er-FOFC) with output wavelengths covering visible light is demonstrated. One path with an average power of 8 mW from Er-FOFC is used as the seed pulse for spectrum broadening to cover the visible light. This path is first amplified to 532 mW by injecting into an Er-doped femtosecond fiber amplifier with combined forward and backward pumping and then frequency doubled with a MgO: PPLN crystal with an output power of 85 mW, frequency-doubling efficiency of 32% and pulse duration of 85fs. The output power of this path can be first amplified to 532 mW through an Er-doped femtosecond fiber amplifier when the forward pumping and backward pumping both turn on. Then the frequency-doubling laser can be generated in a MgO: PPLN crystal. The frequency-doubling efficiency is 32% and the pulse duration is 85 fs; the frequency-doubling light is spectrally broadened from 500 to 1000 nm in a photonic crystal fiber (PCF), with an output power of 85 mW and coupling efficiency of 50%. To verify the performance of the broadened spectrum, the light from the Er-FOFC and a compact iodine-stabilized frequency-doubled Nd: YAG laser at 532 nm is beaten. A beat signal with a signal-to-noise ratio of 30 dB at 100 kHz RBW is obtained, which provides a useful tool for absolute frequency measureflent of visible lasers.
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Keywords:
- Er-doped fiber laser /
- fiber optical frequency comb /
- spectrum broadening /
- optical frequency metrology
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[2] Stone J A, Egan P 2010 J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. 115 413
[3] Kohno T, Yasuda M, Hosaka K, Inaba H, Nakajima Y, Hong F L 2009 Appl. Phys. Express 2 072501
[4] Chou C W, Hume D B, Koelemeij J C J, Wineland D J, and Rosenband T 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 104 070802
[5] Campbell G K, Ludlow A D, Blatt S, Thomsen J W, Martin M J, de Miranda M H G, Zelevinsky T, Boyd M M, Ye J, Diddams S A, Heavner Th P, Parker Th E, Jefferts S R 2008 Metrologia. 45 539
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[8] Coddington I, Swann W C, Nenadovic L, Newbury N R 2009 Nat. Photonics 3 351
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[10] Washburn B R, Diddams S A, Newbury N R, Nicholson J W, Yan M F, Jorgensen C G 2004 Opt. Lett. 29 250
[11] Ruehl A, Marcinkevicius A, Fermann M E, Hartl I 2010 Opt. Lett. 35 3015
[12] Peng J L, Ahn H, Shu R H, Chui H C, Nicholson J W 2007 Appl. Phys. B 86 49
[13] Kieu K, Jones R J, Peyghambarian N 2010 Opt. Express 18 21350
[14] Cao S Y, Cai Y, Wang G Z, Meng F, Zhang Z G, Fang Z J, Li T C 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 094208 (in Chinese) [曹士英, 蔡岳, 王贵重, 孟飞, 张志刚, 方占军, 李天初 2011 60 094208]
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[16] Eickhoff M L, Hall J L 1995 IEE E T rans. Inst rum. Meas. 44 155
[17] Diddams S A, Jones D J, Ye J, Cundiff S T, Hall J L, Ranka J K, Windeler R S, Holzwarth R, Udem T, Hänsch T W 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 84 5102
[18] Fujieda M, Kumagai M, Nagano S, Yamaguchi A, Hachisu H, Ido T 2011 Opt. Express 19 16498
[19] Ludlow A D, Zelevinsky T, Campbell G K, Blatt S, Boyd M M, de Miranda M H G, Martin M J, Thomsen J W, Foreman S M, Ye J, Fortier T M, Stalnaker J E, Diddams S A, Le Coq Y, Barber Z W, Poli N, Lemke N D, Beck K M, Oates C W 2008 Science 319 1805
[20] Cao S Y, Meng F, Lin B K, Fang Z J, Li T C 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 134205 (in Chinese) [曹士英, 孟飞, 林百科, 方占军, 李天初 2012 61 134205]
[21] Lin B K, Cao S Y, Zhao Y, Li Y, Wang Q, Lin Y G, Cao J P, Zang E J, Fang Z J, Li T C 2014 Chinese J. Lasers 41 0902002 (in Chinese) [林百科, 曹士英, 赵阳, 李烨, 王强, 林弋戈, 曹建平, 臧二军, 方占军, 李天初 2014 中国激光 41 0902002]
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[1] Udem Th, Reichert J, Holzwarth R, Hänsch T W 1999 Phys. Rev. Lett. 82 3568
[2] Stone J A, Egan P 2010 J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. 115 413
[3] Kohno T, Yasuda M, Hosaka K, Inaba H, Nakajima Y, Hong F L 2009 Appl. Phys. Express 2 072501
[4] Chou C W, Hume D B, Koelemeij J C J, Wineland D J, and Rosenband T 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 104 070802
[5] Campbell G K, Ludlow A D, Blatt S, Thomsen J W, Martin M J, de Miranda M H G, Zelevinsky T, Boyd M M, Ye J, Diddams S A, Heavner Th P, Parker Th E, Jefferts S R 2008 Metrologia. 45 539
[6] Huang Y, Cao J, Liu P, Liang K, Ou B, Guan H, Huang X, Li T, Gao K 2012 Phys. Rev. A 85 030503
[7] Thorpe M J, Balslev-Clausen D, Kirchner M S, Ye J 2008 Opt. Express 16 2387
[8] Coddington I, Swann W C, Nenadovic L, Newbury N R 2009 Nat. Photonics 3 351
[9] Keilmann F, Gohle C, Holzwarth R 2004 Opt. Lett. 29 1542
[10] Washburn B R, Diddams S A, Newbury N R, Nicholson J W, Yan M F, Jorgensen C G 2004 Opt. Lett. 29 250
[11] Ruehl A, Marcinkevicius A, Fermann M E, Hartl I 2010 Opt. Lett. 35 3015
[12] Peng J L, Ahn H, Shu R H, Chui H C, Nicholson J W 2007 Appl. Phys. B 86 49
[13] Kieu K, Jones R J, Peyghambarian N 2010 Opt. Express 18 21350
[14] Cao S Y, Cai Y, Wang G Z, Meng F, Zhang Z G, Fang Z J, Li T C 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 094208 (in Chinese) [曹士英, 蔡岳, 王贵重, 孟飞, 张志刚, 方占军, 李天初 2011 60 094208]
[15] Lea S N, Rowley W R C, Margolis H S, Barwood G P, Huang G, Gill P 1, Chartier J M, Windeler R S 2003 Metrologia 40 844
[16] Eickhoff M L, Hall J L 1995 IEE E T rans. Inst rum. Meas. 44 155
[17] Diddams S A, Jones D J, Ye J, Cundiff S T, Hall J L, Ranka J K, Windeler R S, Holzwarth R, Udem T, Hänsch T W 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 84 5102
[18] Fujieda M, Kumagai M, Nagano S, Yamaguchi A, Hachisu H, Ido T 2011 Opt. Express 19 16498
[19] Ludlow A D, Zelevinsky T, Campbell G K, Blatt S, Boyd M M, de Miranda M H G, Martin M J, Thomsen J W, Foreman S M, Ye J, Fortier T M, Stalnaker J E, Diddams S A, Le Coq Y, Barber Z W, Poli N, Lemke N D, Beck K M, Oates C W 2008 Science 319 1805
[20] Cao S Y, Meng F, Lin B K, Fang Z J, Li T C 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 134205 (in Chinese) [曹士英, 孟飞, 林百科, 方占军, 李天初 2012 61 134205]
[21] Lin B K, Cao S Y, Zhao Y, Li Y, Wang Q, Lin Y G, Cao J P, Zang E J, Fang Z J, Li T C 2014 Chinese J. Lasers 41 0902002 (in Chinese) [林百科, 曹士英, 赵阳, 李烨, 王强, 林弋戈, 曹建平, 臧二军, 方占军, 李天初 2014 中国激光 41 0902002]
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