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技术参数设计研究是提升全极化SAR海洋环境探测能力的有效途径. 本文通过分析噪声等效后向散射系数和辐射分辨率与海洋环境探测的地球物理联系,提出一种全极化SAR关键技术参数设计方法. 采用全极化海面散射模型计算不同海洋环境条件下的雷达后向散射系数,据此确定全极化SAR对海探测的噪声等效后向散射系数,再将其作为合成孔径雷达方程输入参数,以辐射分辨率和信噪比的函数关系为约束条件,开展信噪比、辐射分辨率和系统功率孔径积等技术参数设计研究. 论文通过全极化海面散射模型的仿真计算,发现对海探测的噪声等效后向散射系数设计为-35.0 dB,可满足全极化SAR不同海洋环境条件的探测需求. 通过研究辐射分辨率与信噪比的函数关系,发现对海探测的最优信噪比为8.0 dB. C波段机载全极化SAR设计结果表明,由于兼顾了海洋环境探测需求,本文设计方法使得全极化SAR技术参数同时满足了海洋环境应用需求和系统设计要求.Technical parameter design is an effective approach to improve marine environment sounding capability for fully polarimetric synthetie apertuer radar (SAR). By analyzing geophysical contact between noise-equated backscattering coefficient and marine environment sounding, and that between radiometric resolution and marine environment sounding, we present the key technical parameters design method for fully polarimetric SAR. We first calculate radar backscattering coefficient in different marine environments by using the fully polarimetric ocean surface scattering model, and accordingly determine the noise-equated backscattering coefficient of fully polarimetric SAR ocean sounding. Then the noise-equated backscattering coefficient is used as an input parameter in SAR equation, and the function relationship between radiometric resolution and signal to noise ratio is used as a constraint condition, we thus can carry out technical parameter design, such as for signal to noise ratio, radiometric resolution and system power aperture product. By simulation calculation of fully polarimetric ocean surface scattering, we find that the noise-equated backscattering coefficient of ocean sounding is designed to -35.0 dB, which can meet the needs of fully polarimetric SAR sounding in different marine environments. Studying the function relationship between radiometric resolution and signal to noise ratio, we find that the optimal signal to noise ratio of ocean sounding is 8.0 dB. Results of C-band airborne fully polarimetric SAR design show that the above method can make technical parameter of fully polarimetric SAR meet both the need for marine environment application and system design, because of taking into account the needs of marine environment sounding.
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Keywords:
- ocean surface scattering model /
- fully polarimetric synthetic aperture radar /
- marine environment sounding /
- technical parameter design
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[58] Chen X 2008 Ph. D. Dissertation (Beijing: Institute of Remote Sensing Applications Chinese Academy of Sciences) (in Chinese) [陈曦2008 博士学位论文 (北京: 中国科学院遥感应用研究所)]
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[63] [64] Zhao X B, Yan W, Kong Y, Han D, Liu W J 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 138402 (in Chinese) [赵现斌, 严卫, 孔毅, 韩丁, 刘文俊 2013 62 138402]
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[68] Vachon P W, Wolfe J 2011 IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Letters 8 456
[69] [70] [71] Zhang B, Perrie W, He Y J 2011 J. Geophys. Res. 116 C08008
[72] [73] Bao Z, Xing M D, Wang T 2005 Radar Imaging Technology (Beijing: Publishing House Of Electronics Industry) p30-70 (in Chinese) [保铮, 邢孟道, 王彤 2005 雷达成像技术 (北京: 电子工业出版社) 第3070页]
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[1] Wang C, Zhang H, Chen X, Liu Z, Yan D M 2008 Polarimetric synthetic aperture radar image processing (Beijing: Science Press) p15-30 (in Chinese) [王超, 张红, 陈曦, 刘智, 闫冬梅2008 全极化合成孔径雷达图像处理(北京: 科学出版社)第1530页]
[2] Guo H D, Li X W 2011 Chinese Sci. Bull. (Chinese Ver) 56 1155 (in Chinese) [郭华东, 李新武 2011 科学通报 56 1155]
[3] [4] [5] Jackson C R, Apel J R 2005 Synthetic Aperture Radar Marine User's Manual (Washington, D. C.: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Center for Satellite Application and Research) p81
[6] [7] Martine S 2004 An introduction to ocean remote sensing (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) p201-207
[8] [9] Dong Q, Guo H D 2005 SAR ocean remote sensing (Beijing: Science Press) p10-17 (in Chinese) [董庆, 郭华东2005 合成孔径雷达海洋遥感(北京: 科学出版社)第1017页]
[10] Yang J S 2005 SAR Remote Sensing techniques of sea surface wind, surface wave and internal wave (Beijing: Ocean Press) p24-32 (in Chinese) [杨劲松2005 合成孔径雷达海面风场, 海浪和内波遥感技术(北京: 海洋出版社)第2432页]
[11] [12] [13] Freeman A 1992 IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 30 1107
[14] [15] Zhao X B, Kong Y, Yan W, Ai W H, Liu W J 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 148404 (in Chinese) [赵现斌, 孔毅, 严卫, 艾未华, 刘文俊 2012 61 148404]
[16] Ulaby F T, Dobson M C 1989 Handbook of Radar Scattering Statistics for Terrain (Artech House) p21
[17] [18] [19] Long M W (translated by Xue D Y, Wang F S) 1981 Radar scattering properties of land and sea (theory and practice of radar remote sensing) (Beijing: Science Press) p23-35 (in Chinese) [朗M W 著(薛德镛, 王福山译) 1981 陆地和海面的雷达波散射特性 (雷达遥感的理论与实践) (北京: 科学出版社)第2335页]
[20] [21] Quilfen Y, Chapron B, Elfouhaily T M, Katsaros K, Tournadre J 1998 J. Geophys. Res. 103 7767
[22] Stoffelen A, Anderson D 1997 J. Geophys. Res. 102 5767
[23] [24] Hersbach H, Stoffelen A, Haan S D 2007 J. Geophys. Res. 112 C03006
[25] [26] [27] Bergeron T, Bernier M, Chokmani K, Lessard-Fontaine A, Lafrance G, Beaucage P 2011 IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 4 896
[28] [29] Zhang B, Perrie W 2012 American Meteorological Society 93 531
[30] Ji W J, Tong C M 2013 Chin. Phys. B 22 020301
[31] [32] [33] Zhong J, Huang S X, Du H D, Zhang L 2011 Chin. Phys. B 20 034301
[34] [35] Yuan X K 2002 Aerospace Shanghai 3 1 (in Chinese) [袁孝康 2002 上海航天 3 1]
[36] Jochen H, Wolfgang K 2005 IEEE J. Oceanic Eng. 30 508
[37] [38] [39] Hasselmann K, Hasselmann S 1991 J. Geophys. Res. 96 10713
[40] Hasselmann S, Brning C, Hasselmann K, Heimbach P 1996 J. Geophys. Res. 101 16615
[41] [42] Engen G, Johnsen H 1995 IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 33 1047
[43] [44] [45] Zhang B, Perrie W, Vachon P W, Li X F Pichel W G, Guo J, He Y J 2012 IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 50 4252
[46] [47] He Y J, Perrie W, Xie T, Zou Q P 2004 IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 42 2623
[48] [49] Yuan X K 1998 Aerospace Shanghai 3 9 (in Chinese) [袁孝康 1998 上海航天 3 9]
[50] [51] Vachon P W, Dobson F W 1996 The Global Atmosphere and Ocean System 5 177
[52] Yang J S, Huang W G, Zhou C B 2001 J. Remote Sens. 5 13 (in Chinese) [杨劲松, 黄韦艮, 周长宝 2001 遥感学报 5 13]
[53] [54] Ai W H, Kong Y, Zhao X B 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 148403 (in Chinese) [艾未华, 孔毅, 赵现斌 2012 61 148403]
[55] [56] [57] Choisnard J, Laroche S 2008 J. Geophys. Res. 113 C05006
[58] Chen X 2008 Ph. D. Dissertation (Beijing: Institute of Remote Sensing Applications Chinese Academy of Sciences) (in Chinese) [陈曦2008 博士学位论文 (北京: 中国科学院遥感应用研究所)]
[59] [60] [61] Jin Y Q, Xu F 2008 Theory and Approach for Polarimetric Scattering and Information Retrieval of SAR Remote Sensing (1st Ed.) (Beijing: Science Press) p3 (in Chinese) [金亚秋, 徐丰 2008 极化散射与SAR遥感信息理论与方法(第1版) (北京: 科学出版社)第3页]
[62] Hwang P A, Zhang B A, Toporkov J V, Perrie W 2010 J. Geophys. Res. 115 C08019
[63] [64] Zhao X B, Yan W, Kong Y, Han D, Liu W J 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 138402 (in Chinese) [赵现斌, 严卫, 孔毅, 韩丁, 刘文俊 2013 62 138402]
[65] [66] [67] Mouche A A, Hauser D, Daloze J F, Gurin C 2005 IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 43 753
[68] Vachon P W, Wolfe J 2011 IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Letters 8 456
[69] [70] [71] Zhang B, Perrie W, He Y J 2011 J. Geophys. Res. 116 C08008
[72] [73] Bao Z, Xing M D, Wang T 2005 Radar Imaging Technology (Beijing: Publishing House Of Electronics Industry) p30-70 (in Chinese) [保铮, 邢孟道, 王彤 2005 雷达成像技术 (北京: 电子工业出版社) 第3070页]
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