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Under the steady condition, the spherical geostrophic wind relationship in spherical coordinates (λ,φ,r) is applied to illustrate that when isobars take the simplest zonal distribution, the Antarctic is at a low ambient pressure, while the Arctic is at high. However, when friction is incorporated into the geostrophic wind relationship, the closed vortex over Antarctic and Arctic will turn to a spiral vortex, and there will exist a three-dimensional heteroclinic orbit between Antarctic and Arctic on the spherical surface.
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Keywords:
- Arctic high /
- Antarctic low /
- friction /
- heteroclinic orbit
[1] Liu S D, Liu S K 1994 Solitary Waves and Turbulence (Shanghai: Shanghai Science and Technology Education Press) (in Chinese) [刘式达, 刘式适1994孤波和湍流(上海: 上海科技教育出版社)]
[2] Liu S K, Liu S D, Tan B K 1996 Nonlinear Atmospheric Dynamics (Beijing: National Defence Industry Press) (in Chinese) [刘式适, 刘式达, 谭本馗1996非线性大气动力学(北京: 国防工业出版社)]
[3] Liu S K, Liu S D 2011 Atmospheric Dynamics (Beijing: Peking University Press) (in Chinese) [刘式适, 刘式达2011大气动力学(北京: 北京大学出版社)]
[4] Liu S D, Liu S K 2011 Dynamics of Atmospheric Eddy (Beijing: China Meteorological Press) (in Chinese) [刘式达, 刘式适2011大气涡旋动力学(北京: 气象出版社)]
[5] Hirsch M W, Smale S, Devaney R 2004 Differential equation, dynamical system and an introduction to chaos (Dan Diego: Academic Press)
[6] Vallis B 2006 Atmospheric and oceanic fluid dynamics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
[7] Zhang Z F, Li C H, Zheng Z M, Li W G 1997 Bifurcation theory foundation of vector field (Beijing: Higher Education Press) (in Chinese) [张芷芬, 李承泓, 郑志明, 李伟固 1997 向量场的分叉理论基础 (北京: 高等教育出版社)]
[8] Liu S D, Liang F M, Liu S K, Xin G J 2008 Atmospheric Turbulence (Beijing: Peking University Press) (in Chinese) [刘式达, 梁福明, 刘式适, 辛国君 2008 大气湍流 (北京: 北京大学出版社)]
[9] Xu X N, Guo X R 1978 Scientia Atmospherica Sinica 2 258 (in Chinese) [徐夏囡, 郭肖容 1978 大气科学 2 258]
[10] Mao J Y, Wang Z Z 2008 Chin. Phys. Lett. 25 1506
[11] Li X F, Cui X P 2011 Chin. Phys. B 20 109201
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[1] Liu S D, Liu S K 1994 Solitary Waves and Turbulence (Shanghai: Shanghai Science and Technology Education Press) (in Chinese) [刘式达, 刘式适1994孤波和湍流(上海: 上海科技教育出版社)]
[2] Liu S K, Liu S D, Tan B K 1996 Nonlinear Atmospheric Dynamics (Beijing: National Defence Industry Press) (in Chinese) [刘式适, 刘式达, 谭本馗1996非线性大气动力学(北京: 国防工业出版社)]
[3] Liu S K, Liu S D 2011 Atmospheric Dynamics (Beijing: Peking University Press) (in Chinese) [刘式适, 刘式达2011大气动力学(北京: 北京大学出版社)]
[4] Liu S D, Liu S K 2011 Dynamics of Atmospheric Eddy (Beijing: China Meteorological Press) (in Chinese) [刘式达, 刘式适2011大气涡旋动力学(北京: 气象出版社)]
[5] Hirsch M W, Smale S, Devaney R 2004 Differential equation, dynamical system and an introduction to chaos (Dan Diego: Academic Press)
[6] Vallis B 2006 Atmospheric and oceanic fluid dynamics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
[7] Zhang Z F, Li C H, Zheng Z M, Li W G 1997 Bifurcation theory foundation of vector field (Beijing: Higher Education Press) (in Chinese) [张芷芬, 李承泓, 郑志明, 李伟固 1997 向量场的分叉理论基础 (北京: 高等教育出版社)]
[8] Liu S D, Liang F M, Liu S K, Xin G J 2008 Atmospheric Turbulence (Beijing: Peking University Press) (in Chinese) [刘式达, 梁福明, 刘式适, 辛国君 2008 大气湍流 (北京: 北京大学出版社)]
[9] Xu X N, Guo X R 1978 Scientia Atmospherica Sinica 2 258 (in Chinese) [徐夏囡, 郭肖容 1978 大气科学 2 258]
[10] Mao J Y, Wang Z Z 2008 Chin. Phys. Lett. 25 1506
[11] Li X F, Cui X P 2011 Chin. Phys. B 20 109201
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