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超热电子的产生及其转化效率是快点火中的重要研究内容, 也是优化快点火中的激光等离子体参数、降低对点火脉冲能量需求等方面的重要依据. 纳米丝靶是提高激光-超热电子转化效率的一种有效途径, 为了进一步理解激光-纳米丝靶相互作用中超热电子的产生过程以及加热方式, 本文应用二维PIC(Flips2D)程序进行了相关的数值模拟. 通过研究电子在丝靶中的运动轨迹发现了远离互作用面的冷电子通过回流的方式向互作用面运动, 然后在互作用面附近与激光场相互作用被加热;研究了单个激光周期内电子密度和电子能量密度的变化, 确定了反向运动的电子的能量要远小于前向运动的电子能量, 确定了反向运动的电子大部分是冷电子的回流;通过研究场与电子空间位置随时间变化的关系, 确定了丝靶中超热电子的加热机理为J B机理.The generation of hot electrons and the coupling efficiency from laser to hot electrons are very important issues in fast ignition of inertial confinement fusion, which are important for optimizing the parameters of laser pulse and plasma and reducing the requirement for laser pulse. Laser interaction with nanolayered target is considered to be one of available ways of enhancing the coupling efficiency of laser to hot electrons. In order to understand the heating mechanism of hot electrons in the interaction between laser and nanolayered target in great detail, two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation is carried out in this paper. Reflux for cold electrons moving to the interaction-face and then being accelerated near the interaction-face is detected by observing the tracks of electrons in the nanolayered target. It is found that the energies of inverse electrons are far smaller than those of forward electrons and the most inverse electrons are from the reflux of cold electrons by investigating the variations of the electron density and the electron energy density in one laser period. The J B heating mechanism is found to be a dominate mechanism in the generation of hot electrons by comparing the field and the locations of hot electrons at different times.
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Keywords:
- nanolayered target /
- particle-in-cell code /
- hot electrons /
- heating mechanism
[1] Cai H B, Mima K, Zhou W M, Jozaki T, Nagatomo H, Sunahara A, Mason R J 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 245001
[2] Dong K G, Gu Y Q, Zhu B, Wu Y C, Cao L F, He Y L, Liu H J, Hong W, Zhou W M, Zhao Z Q, Jiao C Y, Wen X L, Zhang B H, Wang X F 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 8733 (in Chinese) [董克攻, 谷渝秋, 朱 斌, 吴玉迟, 曹磊峰, 何颖玲, 刘红杰, 洪 伟, 周维民, 赵宗青, 焦春晔, 温贤伦, 张保汉, 王晓方 2010 59 8733]
[3] Xu H, Sheng Z M, Zhang J 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 968 (in Chinese) [徐 慧, 盛政明, 张 杰2007 56 968 ]
[4] Ma Y Y, Sheng Z M, Li Y T, Chang W W, Yuan X H, Chen M, Chen H C, Zheng J, Zhang J 2006 Phys. Plasmas 13 110702
[5] Zhou C T, He X T 2007 Opt. Lett. 32 2444
[6] Kodama R, Tanaka K, Sentoku Y, Matsushita T, Takahashi K, Kato Y, Fujita H, Kitagawa Y, Kanabe T, Yamanaka T, Mima K 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 84 674
[7] Bastiani S, Rousse A, Geindre J P, Audebert P, Quoix C, Hamoniaux G, Antonetti A, Gauthier J C 1997 Phys. Rev. E. 56 7179
[8] Ruhl H, Sentoku Y, Mima K, Tanaka K A, Kodama R 1999 Phys. Rev. Lett. 82 743
[9] Li C K, Séguin F H, Frenje J A, Rygg J R, Petrasso R D, Town R P J, Amendt P A, Hatchett S P, Landen O L, Mackinnon A J, Patel P K, Smalyuk V A, Sangster T C, Knauer J P 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 135003
[10] Marshall F J, McKenty P W, Delettrez J A, Epstein R, Knauer J P, Smalyuk V A, Frenje J A, Li C K, Petrasso R D, Séguin F H, Mancini R C 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 185004
[11] Li C K, Séguin F H, Frenje J A, Petrasso R D, Amendt P A, Town R P J, Landen O L, Rygg J R, Betti R, Knauer J P, Meyerhofer D D, Soures J M, Back C A, Kilkenny J D, Nikroo A 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 205001
[12] Li C K, Séguin F H, Frenje J A, Manuel M, Casey D, Sinenian N, Petrasso R D, Amendt P A, Landen O L, Rygg J R, Town R P J, Betti R, Delettrez J, Knauer J P, Marshall F, Meyerhofer D D, Sangster T C, Shvarts D, Smalyuk V A, Soures J M, Back C A, Kilkenny J D, Nikroo A 2009 Phys. Plasmas 16 056304
[13] Malka V, Fritzler S, Lefebvre E, d'Humieres E, Ferrand R, Grillon G, Albaret C, Meyroneinc S, Chambaret J P, Antonetti A, Hulin D 2004 Med. Phys. 311587
[14] Tabak M, Hammer J, Glinsky M E, Kruer W L, Wilks S C, Woodworth J, Campbell E M, Perry M D, Mason R J 1994 Phys. Plasmas 1 1626
[15] Cao L H, Gu Y Q, Zhao Z Q, Cao L F, Huang W Z, Zhou W M, Cai H B, He X T, Yu W, Yu M Y 2010 Phys. Plasmas 17 103106
[16] Cao L H, Gu Y Q, Zhao Z Q, Cao L F, Huang W Z, Zhou W M, He X T, Yu W, Yu M Y 2010 Phys. Plasmas 17 043103
[17] Zhao Z Q, Cao L H, Cao L H, Wang J, Huang W Z, Jiang W, He Y L, Wu Y C, Zhu B, Dong K G, Ding Y K, Zhang B H, Gu Y Q, Yu M Y, and He X T 2010 Phys. Plasmas 17 123108
[18] Ji Y L, Jiang G, Wu W D, Wang C Y, Gu Y Q, Tang Y J 2010 Appl. Phys. Lett. 96 041504
[19] Zhou W M, Gu Y Q, Hong W, Zhao Z Q, Ding Y K, Zhang B H, Cai H B, Mima K 2010Laser and Particle Beams. 28 585
[20] Zhou W M, Mima K, Nakamura T, Nagatomo H 2008 Phys. Plasmas 15 093107
[21] Yu J Q, Zhou W M, Cao L H, Zhao Z Q, Cao L F, Shan L Q, Liu D X, Jin X L, Li B, Gu Y Q 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 100 204101
[22] Yu J Q, Zhao Z Q, Jin X L, Wu F J, Yan Y H, Zhou W M, Cao L F, Li B, Gu Y Q 2012 Phys. Plasmas 19 053108
[23] Atzeni S, Meyer-ter-vehn J 2004 The Physics of Inertial Fusion (Oxford Science Publications)
[24] Gibbon P 2005 Short Pulse Laser Interactions with Matter (Imperical College Press)
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[1] Cai H B, Mima K, Zhou W M, Jozaki T, Nagatomo H, Sunahara A, Mason R J 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 245001
[2] Dong K G, Gu Y Q, Zhu B, Wu Y C, Cao L F, He Y L, Liu H J, Hong W, Zhou W M, Zhao Z Q, Jiao C Y, Wen X L, Zhang B H, Wang X F 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 8733 (in Chinese) [董克攻, 谷渝秋, 朱 斌, 吴玉迟, 曹磊峰, 何颖玲, 刘红杰, 洪 伟, 周维民, 赵宗青, 焦春晔, 温贤伦, 张保汉, 王晓方 2010 59 8733]
[3] Xu H, Sheng Z M, Zhang J 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 968 (in Chinese) [徐 慧, 盛政明, 张 杰2007 56 968 ]
[4] Ma Y Y, Sheng Z M, Li Y T, Chang W W, Yuan X H, Chen M, Chen H C, Zheng J, Zhang J 2006 Phys. Plasmas 13 110702
[5] Zhou C T, He X T 2007 Opt. Lett. 32 2444
[6] Kodama R, Tanaka K, Sentoku Y, Matsushita T, Takahashi K, Kato Y, Fujita H, Kitagawa Y, Kanabe T, Yamanaka T, Mima K 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 84 674
[7] Bastiani S, Rousse A, Geindre J P, Audebert P, Quoix C, Hamoniaux G, Antonetti A, Gauthier J C 1997 Phys. Rev. E. 56 7179
[8] Ruhl H, Sentoku Y, Mima K, Tanaka K A, Kodama R 1999 Phys. Rev. Lett. 82 743
[9] Li C K, Séguin F H, Frenje J A, Rygg J R, Petrasso R D, Town R P J, Amendt P A, Hatchett S P, Landen O L, Mackinnon A J, Patel P K, Smalyuk V A, Sangster T C, Knauer J P 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 135003
[10] Marshall F J, McKenty P W, Delettrez J A, Epstein R, Knauer J P, Smalyuk V A, Frenje J A, Li C K, Petrasso R D, Séguin F H, Mancini R C 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 185004
[11] Li C K, Séguin F H, Frenje J A, Petrasso R D, Amendt P A, Town R P J, Landen O L, Rygg J R, Betti R, Knauer J P, Meyerhofer D D, Soures J M, Back C A, Kilkenny J D, Nikroo A 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 205001
[12] Li C K, Séguin F H, Frenje J A, Manuel M, Casey D, Sinenian N, Petrasso R D, Amendt P A, Landen O L, Rygg J R, Town R P J, Betti R, Delettrez J, Knauer J P, Marshall F, Meyerhofer D D, Sangster T C, Shvarts D, Smalyuk V A, Soures J M, Back C A, Kilkenny J D, Nikroo A 2009 Phys. Plasmas 16 056304
[13] Malka V, Fritzler S, Lefebvre E, d'Humieres E, Ferrand R, Grillon G, Albaret C, Meyroneinc S, Chambaret J P, Antonetti A, Hulin D 2004 Med. Phys. 311587
[14] Tabak M, Hammer J, Glinsky M E, Kruer W L, Wilks S C, Woodworth J, Campbell E M, Perry M D, Mason R J 1994 Phys. Plasmas 1 1626
[15] Cao L H, Gu Y Q, Zhao Z Q, Cao L F, Huang W Z, Zhou W M, Cai H B, He X T, Yu W, Yu M Y 2010 Phys. Plasmas 17 103106
[16] Cao L H, Gu Y Q, Zhao Z Q, Cao L F, Huang W Z, Zhou W M, He X T, Yu W, Yu M Y 2010 Phys. Plasmas 17 043103
[17] Zhao Z Q, Cao L H, Cao L H, Wang J, Huang W Z, Jiang W, He Y L, Wu Y C, Zhu B, Dong K G, Ding Y K, Zhang B H, Gu Y Q, Yu M Y, and He X T 2010 Phys. Plasmas 17 123108
[18] Ji Y L, Jiang G, Wu W D, Wang C Y, Gu Y Q, Tang Y J 2010 Appl. Phys. Lett. 96 041504
[19] Zhou W M, Gu Y Q, Hong W, Zhao Z Q, Ding Y K, Zhang B H, Cai H B, Mima K 2010Laser and Particle Beams. 28 585
[20] Zhou W M, Mima K, Nakamura T, Nagatomo H 2008 Phys. Plasmas 15 093107
[21] Yu J Q, Zhou W M, Cao L H, Zhao Z Q, Cao L F, Shan L Q, Liu D X, Jin X L, Li B, Gu Y Q 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 100 204101
[22] Yu J Q, Zhao Z Q, Jin X L, Wu F J, Yan Y H, Zhou W M, Cao L F, Li B, Gu Y Q 2012 Phys. Plasmas 19 053108
[23] Atzeni S, Meyer-ter-vehn J 2004 The Physics of Inertial Fusion (Oxford Science Publications)
[24] Gibbon P 2005 Short Pulse Laser Interactions with Matter (Imperical College Press)
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