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利用数值模拟程序模拟了不同高度核爆炸下大气的X射线电离及演化过程.结果表明: X射线电离产生的电子数密度在射线到达后约100 ns时刻达到峰值, 峰值数密度随着到裸核区距离的增加而减小;电子具有较长的寿命, 电子寿命随着到裸核区距离的增加而增大; X射线电离空气产生正离子O+, O2+, N2+,爆高为120 km情况下 O+的峰值数密度与O2+的相近,能维持约1 s. X射线对空气的电离影响范围在数十千米以内,在距裸核区较近的区域, 爆高为80 km时产生的电子峰值数密度比爆高为120 km时的电子峰值数密度高, 在距裸核区较远的区域则相反.The X-ray ionizations and the atmospheric temporal evolutions with different altitude nuclear explosions are numerically simulated in this paper. It is concluded that the density of electrons generated by X-ray ionization has a peak value at 100 ns after the X-rays have arrived, and the peak density reduced with the increase of distance from the stripped nucleus area. The life time of electrons is long, and increases with the distance from the stripped nucleus area. O+, O2+, N2+ are generated by X-ray ionization. The distance of X-ray ionization in atmosphere is within a few tens of kilometers. The peak density of explosion at 80 km high is larger than at 120 km high in the area close to stripped nucleus area, but the scenario is opposite in the area far from stripped nucleus area.
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[4] Cullcn D E, Hubbell J H, Kissel L 1997 The Evaluated Photon Data Library (Livermore: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory) UCRL-50400
[5] Brasseur G, Solomon S 1984 Aeronomy of the Middle Atmosphere (Boston: D. Reidel Publishing Company) p213
[6] Heicklen J 1976 Atmospheric Chemistry (New York: Academic Press) p7
[7] Hesstwedt E, Hov O, Isaken 1978 Int. J. Chem. Kinet 10 971
[8] Wang J G, Niu S L, Zhang D H, Qiao D J 2010 The Parameter Manual Book of High-Altitude Nuclear Explosion Effects (Beijing: Atomic Energy Press) p33 (in Chinese)[王建国, 牛胜利, 张殿辉, 乔登江 2010 高空核爆炸效应参数手册(北京:原子能出版社) 第33页]
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[1] Qiao D J 2003 The Introduction to Nuclear Explosion Physics (Beijing: National Defense Industry Press) p3 ( in Chinese) [乔登江 2003 核爆炸物理概论( 北京: 国防工业出版社) 第3页]
[2] Tao Y L, Wang J G, Niu S L, Zhu J H, Fan R Y 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 5914 ( in Chinese) [陶应龙, 王建国, 牛胜利, 朱金辉, 范如玉 2010 59 5914]
[3] Ouyang J M, Guo W, Wang L, Shao F Q 2004 Chin. Phys. 13 2174
[4] Cullcn D E, Hubbell J H, Kissel L 1997 The Evaluated Photon Data Library (Livermore: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory) UCRL-50400
[5] Brasseur G, Solomon S 1984 Aeronomy of the Middle Atmosphere (Boston: D. Reidel Publishing Company) p213
[6] Heicklen J 1976 Atmospheric Chemistry (New York: Academic Press) p7
[7] Hesstwedt E, Hov O, Isaken 1978 Int. J. Chem. Kinet 10 971
[8] Wang J G, Niu S L, Zhang D H, Qiao D J 2010 The Parameter Manual Book of High-Altitude Nuclear Explosion Effects (Beijing: Atomic Energy Press) p33 (in Chinese)[王建国, 牛胜利, 张殿辉, 乔登江 2010 高空核爆炸效应参数手册(北京:原子能出版社) 第33页]
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